Field of the invention

The present invention relates to a method for cutting a multitude of small details and will find industrial implementation for the production of a large-scale household goods. Also, the invention relates to a workpiece, obtained by this method.

Background of the invention

In the nature there exist a lot of small fruits with hard shells, or fruit pits, having different shapes and dimensions, which disclose after slicing the unique beauty of the natural fruit and / or shell textures, and could be a source raw material to produce various items. In addition to the aforementioned products, in many cases during the wood processing a waste resides as twigs, small pieces or wooden cubes, which in themselves, after cutting by definite manner, could represent a base material for a multitude of unique commodities. Articles, obtained by similar materials, are aesthetically beautiful and ecologically sound, and are distinguished by their individuality, which is due to the natural raw material features.

The main problem of processing such type of source materials is to cut them into small or thin pieces, because the items are very small, but sufficient hard at the same time, thus their processing by conventional means, like one after another, is an expensive and effortful process. A method for cutting such small details is known, whereby the small details are put in a mould, which can have a cylindrical, rectangular or square shape. The mould is filled with a pressurized hardener, while after hardening the finished blocks are cut into discs, together with the mould (metal or plastic), whereto they have been poured. In this case we obtain discs with resin and small details, and not separate pieces of small details, meanwhile a significant consumption of polymers, adhesive and chemicals (e.g. acid), necessary for the production, occurs.

Disclosure of the invention

The invention is aimed at the creation of a method for cutting of small details, whereby a workpiece of separate small detail pieces of equal thickness is obtained, and this represents a high-efficiency, budget-priced, facile and environmentally friendly method.

The invention task is solved by the proposed method for cutting a multitude of small details, whereby the details are put into a cylindrical, rectangular or square mould. According to the invention, the prepared mould is filled with water, whereupon it is put into a conventional freezing chamber under a temperature at least up to -18 °C. The obtained refrigerated preform is cut off following a definite shape, or cut into slices with dimensions from 1 mm to 12 mm, whereupon the obtained blank or the cut-off slices are unfreezed. The obtained pieces of small details, which go apart from each other during unfreezing, are dried and form the desired workpiece

In accordance with the invention the workpiece, obtained pursuant to the afore-mentioned method, represents a combination of large number of rings, having an unique texture and thickness from 1 mm to 12 mm, whereby peach pits, or other similar pits or shell fruits are utilized as a source raw material.

According to an embodiment of the invention, the workpiece, obtained as per the specified method, represents an aggregate multitude of pieces of small details with an unique shape and texture, and thickness from 1 mm to 12 mm, whereby wooden cubes, wooden pieces, or any similar details are used as a source raw material.

The method subject to the present invention is ecologically sound, budget-priced and technologically advanced, offering the possibility to mechanize and to automate the process, thus the high efficiency is presupposed. The workpiece, obtained by means of the indicated method from waste feedstock and raw material, is a natural product with its individuality, determined by the unique natural conditions.

Examples for embodiment of the invention

The disclosed method for cutting of small details is illustrated and explained, but not limited, by the following examples:

In accordance with the proposed method, the multitude of small details is poured into a cylindrical, rectangular or square mould, which is filled with water. The prepared mould is put into a conventional freezing chamber whereupon, after freezing at least up to -18 °C, the obtained preform is cut into slices with dimensions from 1 mm to 12 mm. The cut- off slices are unfreezed, whereupon the obtained pieces of small details, which are separated from each other, are dried and form the desired workpiece.

The period of time, necessary for freezing (hardening), depends on the dimensions of the used mould, as well as on the freezing equipment capacity. Dimensions and type of the used mould are chosen depending on the cutting machine type and limits.

Example 1:

Peach pits are poured at random into a mould, representing a parallelepiped with following dimensions: width - 105 mm, height - 200 mm and length - 500 mm. The mould is filled up with water. The preforms are formed in a conventional low temperature chamber with an useful volume of 10 m ³ , filled with 200 pieces of the afore-mentioned moulds, under a temperature ca. -18 °C within about 16 hours, whereupon the preforms are deemed ready for cutting. Cutting is effected by means of multi-blade circular saw with an automated workpiece (perform) feeding for safety. The circular saw features 21 discs, separated by distance bushings, which width depends on the desired workpiece dimensions - 6 mm according to this example. The slices of pits and ice, obtained after cutting, are unfreezed, allowing the thin pieces (slices) of cut-off pits to go apart from each other, and each of them separately to be a final product, as per the target of this method.

Example 2:

Peach pits are poured at random into a mould, representing a cylinder with dimensions: height - 500 mm and diameter - 50 mm. The mould is filled up with water. The freezing process is identical to the process of example 1. Boring is performed by means of a modified stationary drill machine with lengthened vertical stroke - 500 mm in this example. The workpiece is positioned on the drill machine bench, without putting off from the mould. Vertical slots on the mould walls do not allow the preform to move against the walls. The drilling machine features a cutting element, shaped as a boring bit with an inner drill 10 mm and an outer cutting part with diameter 35 mm and overall length 500 mm. Upon passing the boring bit through the whole workpiece height and releasing the workpiece from the mould by means of one piston, a preform is obtained, shaped as a cylinder with length - 500 mm, outer diameter - 35 mm and inner opening with diameter 10 mm. This workpiece is cut into discs with thickness 6 mm in that case, according to the method, already described. After unfreezing the workpiece, details from peach pits are obtained, which represent rings with an unique texture, outer diameter ca. 35 mm, inner diameter ca. 10 mm and thickness 6 mm.

Example 3

Small wooden cubes with dimensions 50mm x 50 mm x 50 mm are arranged into a mould, shaped as a cube with dimensions 500 mm x 500 mm x 500 mm. The mould is filled up with water. The freezing process is identical to the process of examples 1 and 2. In that case the milling cutter is a CNC router with a vertical stroke 500 mm. The preform is put off from the mould and thereafter it is positioned on the router bench. The router cuts a detail, representing for example a castle, following a predefined work project. I case of complex details, which require continued cutting, the processing can be performed in a low temperature chamber. After unfreezing the detail, it splits into the composing elements. The obtained product can be used as a three-dimensional puzzle.

References

L RU 2074935 CI