To provide a rotary indexing device avoiding occurrence of a table plate getting a high temperature resulting from a rotary shaft getting high temperature, and suppressing a thermal deformation of the table plate, a workpiece fixing jig, a workpiece, etc.

The table plate has a pipe contacting with at least one of the reverse surface and the peripheral surface, and a passage formed inside, at least one of the pipe and the passage being used as a refrigerant passage where refrigerant is led, and at least part of the refrigerant passage is provided in such a range on the plan as to correspond to the region outside a reference hole for fixing the workpiece formed on the table plate coaxially with the rotary shaft and also to correspond to at least two of the quadrants formed by orthogonal cruciform lines intersecting at the axis of the rotary shaft, wherein the inlet side end and outlet side end of the refrigerant passage are opened in the peripheral surface of either the table plate or the rotary shaft, and connected with the refrigerant supplying communication line and collecting communication line, respectively, through a rotary joint.