To provide a temporary shuttering method and structure using a caisson, capable of easily forming a wide working space portion outside a column part, and permitting repair work, etc., for the column part to be carried out well.

In the temporary shuttering method using a caisson, the caisson 3 formed of a hollow block provided with an inwardly-extending overhanging rib 5 on the lower portion of the caisson 3 is held in an upright condition and the overhanging rib 5 is joined with a footing 21, whereby the working space portion is formed via the footing 21 and the overhanging rib 5. In the temporary shuttering structure using the caisson, the caisson 3 is formed of a hollow block and the overhanging rib 5 is formed to extend inwardly from the lower portion of the block, the overhanging rib 5 is joined with the footing 21 of the column part 20 and the working space portion is formed between the column part 20 and the caisson 3.