Brief Description of the Invention In accordance with the present invention, novel acyl guanidines are provided which are sodium/proton exchange (NHE) inhibitors and have the structure I including pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof and all stereoisomers thereof, and prodrug ester thereof, wherein n is an integer from 1 to 5; wherein X is N or C-R5 wherein R5 is H, halo, alkenyl, alkynyl, alkoxy, alkyl, aryl or heteroaryl; R1 is H, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, alkoxy, alkenyloxy, alkynyloxy, (alkyl or aryl) 3Si (where each alkyl or aryl group is independent), cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, amino, alkylamino, alkenylamino, alkynylamino, arylalkylamino, aryl, arylalkyl, arylamino, aryloxy, cycloheteroalkyl, cycloheteroalkylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylamino, heteroaryloxy, arylthio, arylsulfinyl, arylsulfonyl, thio, alkylthio, alkylsulfinyl, alkylsulfonyl, heteroarylthio, heteroarylsulfinyl, hetero- arylsulfonyl, halogen, haloalkyl, polyhaloalkyl such as CF3 and CF3CH2, polyhaloalkyloxy such as CF30 and CF3CH20, aminothio, aminosulfinyl, aminosulfonyl, alkylsulfonyl- amino, alkenylsulfonylamino, alkynylsulfonylamino, arylsulfonylamino, heteroarylsulfonylamino,

alkylaminocarbonyl, arylaminocarbonyl, heteroarylaminocarbonyl, hydroxy, acyl, carboxy, aminocarbonyl, alkylcarbonyl, alkoxycarbonyl, alkylcarbonyloxy, alkylcarbonylamino, arylcarbonyl, arylcarbonyloxy, arylcarbonylamino, heteroarylcarbonyl, heteroarylcarbonyloxy, heteroarylcarbonylamino, cyano, nitro, alkenylcarbonylamino, alkynylcarbonylamino, alkylaminocarbonylamino, alkenylaminocarbonylamino, alkynylaminocarbonylamino, arylaminocarbonylamino, heteroarylaminocarbonylamino, alkoxycarbonylamino, alkenyloxycarbonylamino, alkynyloxycarbonylamino, aryloxycarbonylamino, heteroaryloxycarbonylamino, aminocarbonylamino, alkylaminocarbonyloxy, 1,1- (alkoxyl or aryloxy) 2alkyl (where the two aryl or alkyl substituents can be independently defined, or linked to one another to form a ring, such as 1,3-dioxane or 1,3-dioxolane), S (0) 2R6R7,-NR6 (C=NR7) alkyl,-NR6 (C=NR7) alkenyl, -NR6 (C=NR7) alkynyl,-NR6 (C=NR7) heteroaryl,-NR8 (C=NCN)- amino, pyridine-N-oxide,.

(where Z is 0 or H2 and n'is or 3) or tetrazolyl, imidazole, oxazole or triazole;-PO (R13) (R14), (where R13 and R14 are independently alkyl, aryl, alkoxy, aryloxy, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heteroaryloxy, heteroarylalkoxy, cycloheteroalkyl, cycloheteroalkylalkyl, cycloheteroalkoxy, or cycloheteroalkylalkoxy); R6, R7, R8 and R9 are independently hydrogen, alkyl, haloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, arylalkyl, cycloalkyl, (cycloalkyl) alkyl or cycloheteroalkyl.

The Rl group may have from one to five substituents, which can be any of the R1 groups set out above, and any of the preferred R1 substituents set out below.

R1 may be substituted with the following preferred substituents: alkylcarbonylamino, cycloalkylcarbonylamino, arylcarbonylamino, heteroarylcarbonylamino, alkoxycarbonyl- amino, aryloxycarbonylamino, heteroaryloxylcarbonylamino, uriedo (where the uriedo nitrogens may be substituted with alkyl, aryl or heteroaryl), heterocyclylcarbonylamino (where the heterocycle is connected to the carbonyl group via a nitrogen or carbon atom), alkylsulfonylamino, arylsulfonylamino, heteroarylsulfonylamino, where J is: CHR23, R23, R24 and R25 are independently hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, cycloalkyl, or cycloalkylalkyl; R20, R21, R22 are independently hydrogen, halo, alkyl, alkenyl, alkoxy, aryloxy, aryl, arylalkyl, alkylmercapto, arylmercapto, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, hydroxy or haloalkyl; and these preferred substituents may either be directly attached to R1, or attached via an alkylene chain at an open position.

R2, R3 and R4 are the same or different and are independently any of the groups set out for Rl (and may be the same or different from R1) and may optionally include one to five substituents which include any of the substituents set out for R1.

The R2, R3 and/or R4 groups can be attached to any of the carbons and/or to X which form the ring shown in formula I and, if desired, two of R2, R3 and/or R4 may be attached to a single carbon atom.

The R1, R2, R3 and/or R4 may be joined together with the N atom and/or carbons to which they are attached to

form a non-aromatic carbocyclic ring (namely, a cycloalkyl or cycloalkenyl ring), a cycloheteroalkyl ring or a heteroaryl ring, which contains 5 to 10 ring members, preferably 5 to 7 ring members. In addition, one of R2, R3 and R4 can make a fused non-aromatic carbocyclic ring, namely a cycloalkyl ring or cycloalkenyl ring, with R1 via linkage at the position adjacent to the linkage of X and R1.

The group A is preferably thus may preferably include, but is not limited to, the

following structures is Thus, the compounds of formula I of the invention can have the following structural formulae:

It is preferred that at least one of Rl, R2, R3 and R4 is aryl or heteroaryl.

It is also preferred that in IB (where X is N), R1 is aryl or heteroaryl.

Preferred are compounds of formula I of the invention wherein n is 1,2,3 or 4, more. preferably 1; preferably X is CH or N; more preferably, X is CH; preferably R2 and R3 are independently H, lower alkyl, lower alkoxy, or aryl; more preferably R2 and R3 are independently lower alkyl; and R4 and R5 are each H; and R1 is aryl or heteroaryl such as phenyl, halophenyl, dihalophenyl, alkylphenyl, nitrophenyl, dialkoxyphenyl, trifluoromethylphenyl, biphenyl, alkylthiophenyl, trialkoxyphenyl, halo (dialkoxy) phenyl, phenylalkyl such as benzyl, 2,3-dihydrobenzofuran

Specific preferred examples of R1 groups include phenyl, substituted phenyl such as 4-bromophenyl, 4- chlorophenyl, 3-bromophenyl, 3,5-dimethoxyphenyl, 4- methylphenyl, 2,4-dichlorophenyl, 3-nitrophenyl, 2- chlorophenyl, 3-chlorophenyl, 2,5-dimethylphenyl, 2-

methylphenyl, 3-mthylphenyl, 4-methylphenyl, 2,3-dimethoxy phenyl, 4-trifluoromethylphenyl, 3-trifluoromethoxyphenyl, 4-biphenyl, 2-bromo-4,5-dimethoxyphenyl, 4- methylthiophenyl, 3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl, 4-fluorophenyl, 2-chloro-3,4-dimethoxyphenyl, 4-nitrophenyl, benzyl, 3- methoxyphenyl, 4-methoxyphenyl, 2-methoxyphenyl, 3-bromo-4- fluorophenyl, 3-ethoxyphenyl, 3-trifluoromethylphenyl, 3,5- difluorophenyl, 3,5-dichlorophenyl, 3,5- ditrifluoromethylphenyl, 4-fluorophenyl, 3-trifluorophenyl, 3- (N-pyrrolyl)-phenyl, 3- (N-pyrrolidinyl) phenyl, and 3- (N- pyrazolinyl) phenyl 3- (N-imidazolyl) phenyl. Other RI groups include 8 (dihydrobenzofuran)

where R, and R2 are independently H or Cl, where R3 is NH2, CH3, CF3 and R4 and R5 are independently H, 2-F, 2,5-diF, 2-CF3,3-CF3, where R6, R7 and R8 are independently H, 2-nitro, 2-CF3,

3-CF3,3-CN-, 5-CF3,4-nitro, 4-0=CH-, , 2-CH30-, 3-CH30-, 4-CH30-, 5-CH30-, 6-CH30-, 3-OH, 4- (CH3) 2N-, 4-OH, 2-F, 3-F, 4-F, 5-F, 6-F, 4-isopropyl, 2-Br, 5-Br, 3-Br, 4- CH3S02,4-benzyloxy, 3-CH3CH2-, 2-CH3-, 3-CH3-, 6-CH3-, 4-t- butyl, 4-CH3CH20-4-cyclohexyl, 4-phenoxy, 4-CH3-S02-NH-, 11 4-i sopropyl-C-NFi more preferably R1 is dihydrobenzofuran.

In addition, in accordance with the present invention, a method for preventing, inhibiting or treating angina (stable or unstable), cardiac dysfunction, myocardial necrosis, and arrhythmia is provided, wherein a compound of formula I is administered in a therapeutically effective amount which inhibits sodium/proton exchange.

Detailed Description of the Invention The following definitions apply to the terms as used throughout this specification, unless otherwise limited in specific instances.

Unless otherwise indicated, the term"lower alkyl", "alkyl"or"alk"as employed herein alone or as part of another group includes both straight and branched chain hydrocarbons, containing 1 to 40 carbons, preferably 1 to

20 carbons, more preferably 1 to 12 carbons, in the normal chain, such as methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, t- butyl, isobutyl, pentyl, hexyl, isohexyl, heptyl, 4,4- dimethylpentyl, octyl, 2,2,4-trimethylpentyl, nonyl, decyl, undecyl, dodecyl, the various additional branched chain isomers thereof, and the like as well as such groups including 1 to 4 substituents which may be any of the R1 or the R1 substituents set out herein.

Unless otherwise indicated, the term"cycloalkyl"as employed herein alone or as part of another group includes saturated or partially unsaturated (containing 1 or 2 double bonds) cyclic hydrocarbon groups containing 1 to 3 rings, including monocyclicalkyl, bicyclicalkyl and tricyclicalkyl, containing a total of 3 to 20 carbons forming the rings, preferably 4 to 12 carbons, forming the ring and which may be fused to one aromatic ring as described for aryl, which include cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, cyclooctyl, cyclodecyl and cyclododecyl, cyclohexenyl, any of which groups may be optionally substituted with 1 to 4 substituents which may be any of the R1 groups, or the R1 substituents set out herein ; The term"cycloalkenyl"as employed herein alone or as part of another group refers to cyclic hydrocarbons containing 5 to 20 carbons, preferably 6 to 12 carbons and 1 or 2 double bonds. Exemplary cycloalkenyl groups include cyclopentenyl, cyclonexenyl, cycloheptenyl, cyclooctenyl, cyclohexadienyl, and cycloheptadienyl, which may be optionally substituted as defined for cycloalkyl.

The term"aryl"as employed herein alone or as part of another group refers to monocyclic and-bicyclic aromatic groups containing 6 to 10 carbons in the ring portion (such as phenyl or naphthyl including 1-naphthyl and 2-naphthyl)

and may optionally include one to three additional rings fused to a carbocyclic ring or a heterocyclic ring (such as aryl, cycloalkyl, heteroaryl or cycloheteroalkyl rings) and may be optionally substituted through available carbon atoms with 1,2, or 3 groups selected from hydrogen, halo, haloalkyl, alkyl, haloalkyl, alkoxy, haloalkoxy, alkenyl, trifluoromethyl, trifluoromethoxy, alkynyl, cycloalkyl- alkyl, cycloheteroalkyl, cycloheteroalkylalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, arylalkyl, aryloxy, aryloxyalkyl, arylalkoxy, arylthio, arylazo, heteroarylalkyl, heteroarylalkenyl, heteroarylheteroaryl, heteroaryloxy, hydroxy, nitro, cyano, amino, substituted amino wherein the amino includes 1 or 2 substituents (which are alkyl, aryl or any of the other aryl compounds mentioned in the definitions), thiol, alkylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, arylthioalkyl, alkoxyarylthio, alkylcarbonyl, arylcarbonyl, alkyl- aminocarbonyl, arylaminocarbonyl, alkoxycarbonyl, aminocarbonyl, alkylcarbonyloxy, arylcarbonyloxy, alkylcarbonylamino, arylcarbonylamino, arylsulfinyl, arylsulfinylalkyl, arylsulfonylamino or arylsulfon- aminocarbonyl or any of the R1 groups or the R1 substituents set out herein.

The term"aralkyl","aryl-alkyl"or"aryllower alkyl"as used herein alone or as part of another group refers to alkyl groups as discussed above having an aryl substituent, such as benzyl or phenethyl, or naphthylpropyl, or an aryl as defined above.

The term"lower alkoxy","alkoxy","aryloxy"or <BR> <BR> <BR> "aralkoxy"as employed herein alone or as part of another group includes any of the above alkyl, aralkyl or aryl groups linked to an oxygen atom.

The term"amino"as employed herein alone or as part of another group may optionally be independently substituted with one or two substituents, which may be the same or different, such as alkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, cycloheteroalkyl, cycloheteroalkylalkyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl,

haloalkyl, hydroxyalkyl, alkoxyalkyl or thioalkyl. These substituents may be further substituted with a carboxylic acid or any of the R1 groups or R1 substituents thereof as set out above. In addition, the amino substituents may be taken together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached to form 1-pyrrolidinyl, 1-piperidinyl, 1-azepinyl, 4-morpholinyl, 4-thiamorpholinyl, 1-piperazinyl, 4-alkyl-1-piperazinyl, 4-arylalkyl-1-piperazinyl, 4-diarylalkyl-1-piperazinyl, 1-pyrrolidinyl, 1-piperidinyl, or 1-azepinyl, optionally substituted with alkyl, alkoxy, alkylthio, halo, trifluoromethyl or hydroxy.

The term"lower alkylthio", alkylthio","arylthio" or"aralkylthio"as employed herein alone or as part of another group includes any of the above alkyl, aralkyl or aryl groups linked to a sulfur atom.

The term"lower alkylamino","alkylamino", "arylamino", or"arylalkylamino"as employed herein alone or as part of another group includes any of the above alkyl, aryl or arylalkyl groups linked to a nitrogen atom.

The term"acyl"as employed herein by itself or part of another group, as defined herein, refers to an organic radical linked to a carbonyl group; examples of acyl groups include any of the R1 groups attached to a carbonyl, such as alkanoyl, alkenoyl, aroyl, aralkanoyl, heteroaroyl, cycloalkanoyl, cycloheteroalkanoyl and the like.

The term"alkanoyl"as used herein alone or as part of another group refers to alkyl linked to a carbonyl group.

Unless otherwise indicated, the term"lower alkenyl" or"alkenyl"as used herein by itself or as part of another group refers to straight or branched chain radicals of 2 to 20 carbons, preferably 3 to 12 carbons, and more preferably 1 to 8 carbons in the normal chain, which include one to six double bonds in the normal chain, such as vinyl, 2- propenyl, 3-butenyl, 2-butenyl, 4-pentenyl, 3-pentenyl, 2- hexenyl, 3-hexenyl, 2-heptenyl, 3-heptenyl, 4-heptenyl, 3-

octenyl, 3-nonenyl, 4-decenyl, 3-undecenyl, 4-dodecenyl, 4,8,12-tetradecatrienyl, and the like, and which may be optionally substituted with 1 to 4 substituents, namely, halogen, haloalkyl, alkyl, alkoxy, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, arylalkyl, cycloalkyl, amino, hydroxy, heteroaryl, cycloheteroalkyl, alkanoylamino, alkylamido, arylcarbonyl- amino, nitro, cyano, thiol, alkylthio or any of the R1 groups, or the R1 substituents set out herein.

Unless otherwise indicated, the term"lower alkynyl" or"alkynyl"as used herein by itself or as part of another group refers to straight or branched chain radicals of 2 to 20 carbons, preferably 2 to 12 carbons and more preferably 2 to 8 carbons in the normal chain, which include one triple bond in the normal chain, such as 2-propynyl, 3- butynyl, 2-butynyl, 4-pentynyl, 3-pentynyl, 2-hexynyl, 3- hexynyl, 2-heptynyl, 3-heptynyl, 4-heptynyl, 3-octynyl, 3- nonynyl, 4-decynyl, 3-undecynyl, 4-dodecynyl and the like, and which may be optionally substituted with 1 to 4 substituents, namely, halogen, haloalkyl, alkyl, alkoxy, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, arylalkyl, cycloalkyl, amino, heteroaryl, cycloheteroalkyl, hydroxy, alkanoylamino, alkylamido, arylcarbonylamino, nitro, cyano, thiol, and/or alkylthio, or any of the R1 groups, or the R1 substituents set out herein.

Where alkyl groups as defined above have single bonds for attachment to other groups at two different carbon atoms, they are termed"alkylene"groups and may optionally be substituted as defined above for"alkyl".

Where alkenyl groups as defined above and alkynyl groups as defined above, respectively, have single bonds for attachment at two different carbon atoms, they are termed"alkenylene groups"and"alkynylene groups", respectively, and may optionally be substituted as defined above for"alkenyl"and"alkynyl".

Suitable alkylene, alkenylene or alkynylene groups (CH2) p (where p is 1 to 8, preferably 1 to 5) (which may include alkylene, alkenylene or alkynylene groups) as

defined herein, may optionally include 1,2, or 3 <BR> <BR> substituents which include any of the R1 groups, or the R1 substituents set out herein.

Examples of alkylene, alkenylene and alkynylene include

The term"halogen"or"halo"as used herein alone or as part of another group refers to chlorine, bromine, fluorine, and iodine as well as CF3, with chlorine or fluorine being preferred.

The term"metal ion"refers to alkali metal ions such as sodium, potassium or lithium and alkaline earth metal ions such as magnesium and calcium, as well as zinc and aluminum.

The term"cycloheteroalkyl"as used herein alone or as part of another group refers to a 5-, 6-or 7-membered saturated or partially unsaturated ring which includes 1 to 2 hetero atoms such as nitrogen, oxygen and/or sulfur, linked through a carbon atom or a heteroatom, where possible, optionally via the linker (CH2) p (which is defined above), such as and the like. The above groups may include 1 to 4 substituents such as alkyl, halo, oxo and/or any of of the R1 groups, or the R1 substituents set out herein. In addition, any of the above rings can be fused to a cycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl or cycloheteroalkyl ring.

The term"heteroaryl"as used herein alone or as part of another group refers to a 5-or 6-membered aromatic ring which includes 1,2,3 or 4 hetero atoms such

as nitrogen, oxygen or sulfur, and such rings fused to an aryl, cycloalkyl, heteroaryl or cycloheteroalkyl ring (e. g. benzothiophenyl, indolyl), and includes possible N-oxides.

The heteroaryl group may optionally include 1 to 4 substituents such as any of the R1 groups or the Ri substituents set out above. Examples of heteroaryl groups include the following:

and the like.

The term"cycloheteroalkylalkyl"as used herein alone or as part of another gorup refers to cycloheteroalkyl groups as defined above linked through a C atom or heteroatom to a (CH2) p chain.

The term"heteroarylalkyl"or"heteroarylalkenyl"as used herein alone or as part of another group refers to a

heteroaryl group as defined above linked through a C atom or heteroatom to a- (CH2) p- chain, alkylene or alkenylene as defined above.

The term"polyhaloalkyl"as used herein refers to an <BR> <BR> <BR> "alkyl"group as defined above which includes from 2 to 9, preferably from 2 to 5, halo substituents, such as F or Cl, preferably F, such as CF3CH2, CF3 or CF3CF2CH2.

The term"polyhaloalkyloxy"as used herein refers to an"alkoxy"or"alkyloxy"group as defined above which includes from 2 to 9, preferably from 2 to 5, halo substituents, such as F or Cl, preferably F, such as CF3CH20, CF30 or CF3CF2CH20.

The compounds of formula I can be present as salts, in particular pharmaceutically acceptable salts. If the compounds of formula I have, for example, at least one basic center, they can form acid addition salts. These are formed, for example, with strong inorganic acids, such as mineral acids, for example sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid or a hydrohalic acid, with strong organic. carboxylic acids, such as alkanecarboxylic acids of 1 to 4 carbon atoms which are unsubstituted or substituted, for example, by halogen, for example acetic acid, such as saturated or unsaturated dicarboxylic acids, for example oxalic, malonic, succinic, maleic, fumaric, phthalic or terephthalic acid, such as hydroxycarboxylic acids, for example ascorbic, glycolic, lactic, malic, tartaric or citric acid, such as amino acids, (for example aspartic or glutamic acid or lysine or arginine), or benzoic acid, or with organic sulfonic acids, such as (C1-C4)-alkyl-or aryl-sulfonic acids which are unsubstituted or substituted, for example by halogen, for example methane-or p-toluene-sulfonic acid. Corresponding acid addition salts can also be formed having, if desired, an additionally present basic center. The compounds of formula I having at least one acid group (for example COOH) can also form salts with bases. Suitable salts with bases are, for example, metal salts, such as alkali metal or alkaline earth metal salts, for example sodium, potassium

or magnesium salts, or salts with ammonia or an organic amine, such as morpholine, thiomorpholine, piperidine, pyrrolidine, a mono-, di-or tri-lower alkylamine, for example ethyl-, tert-butyl-, diethyl-, diisopropyl-, triethyl-, tributyl-or dimethyl-propylamine, or a mono-, di-or trihydroxy lower alkylamine, for example mono-, di- or triethanolamine. Corresponding internal salts may furthermore be formed. Salts which are unsuitable for pharmaceutical uses but which can be employed, for example, for the isolation or purification of free compounds I or their pharmaceutically acceptable salts, are also included.

Preferred salts of the compounds of formula I include monohydrochloride, hydrogensulfate, methanesulfonate, phosphate, nitrate or maleate.

All stereoisomers of the compounds of the instant invention are contemplated, either in admixture or in pure or substantially pure form. The compounds of the present invention can have asymmetric centers at any of the carbon atoms including any one of the R substituents.

Consequently, compounds of formula I can exist in enantiomeric or diastereomeric forms or in mixtures thereof. The processes for preparation can utilize racemates, enantiomers or diastereomers as starting materials. When diastereomeric or enantiomeric products are prepared, they can be separated by conventional methods for example, chromatographic or fractional crystallization.

It should be understood that the present invention includes prodrug forms of the compounds of formula I such as alkylesters of acids or any of the prodrugs for guanidines disclosed in U. S. Application Serial No.

08/641,718, filed May 2,1996, and in U. S. Patent No.

5,561,146 which are incorporated herein by reference.

The compounds of the instant invention may, for example, be in the free or hydrate form, and may be obtained by methods exemplified by the following descriptions.

The compounds of formula I may be prepared by the preferred processes described in the following reaction schemes. Exemplary reagents and procedures for these reactions appear hereinafter and in the working Examples.

Compounds of formula I of the invention can be prepared from the corresponding carboxylic acids by using the sequence of steps outlined in Scheme 1 set out below.

Activation of carboxylic acid 1 with various activating reagents (e. g. 1,1'-carbonyldiimidazole (CDI), thionyl chloride, oxalyl chloride, and the like) (employing a molar ratio of activating agent: acid 1 within the range from about 1: 1 to about 10: 1) in an organic solvent such as THF or methylene chloride, convert acids 1 to 2. Subsequent treatment of compounds of formula 2 with guanidine in DMF or THF (employing a molar ratio of guanidine: 2 within the range from about 1: 1 to about 20: 1) gives compounds of the formula I.

The carboxylic acids of formula 1 can either be commercially available or they can be prepared by methods known in the art.

Scheme 1 (L = a leaving group such as halide, alkoxy, aryloxy or imidazolyl).

Compounds of formula IA of the invention where n=1 and X is other than nitrogen (e. g., arylcyclopropane- carboxyl guanidines) can also be prepared from the corresponding a, p-unsaturated carboxylic acids or esters by using the sequence of steps outlined in Scheme 2 (employing a molar ratio of CH2N2: 3 within the range from about 1: 1 to

about 20: 1, and a molar ratio of guanidine: 4 within the range from about 1: 1 to about 20: 1.

Scheme 2 R2 O OR'o Pd (OAC) 2 15 > . THF-Ether R3 3 4 R2 O NHZ Guanidine R3 H R3 H DMF R IA

R10 = H, Me, Et, Pr, Bu, etc.

The acids or esters 3 used in this'preparation are either commercially available or they can be prepared by methods known in the art. For example, 3-aryl-propenoic acids (6, R1 = aryl) can be prepared as outlined below.

Condensation of malonic acid with the aldehydes in solvents such as pyridine with catalysts such as piperidine or pyrrolidine, gives the corresponding 4-aryl-propenoic acids. The starting aldehydes are either commercially available or they can be prepared by methods well known to those skilled in the art.

The compounds of formula IB of the invention where X is nitrogen can be prepared as in Scheme 3. Compound of formula 8 wherein L is a leaving group (halide, triflate, etc.) is treated with an amine of formula 7 (employing a molar ratio of 8 : 7 within the range from about 20: 1 to about 1: 20) in the presence of a base (e. g., triethylamine, and ethyldiiso-propylamine) in an organic solvent (such as DMSO) to provide a compound of formula 9. Compound 9 is

converted to the desired product IB by deprotection of the acid under appropriate conditions followed by coupling of the resulting acid 10 with guanidine (employing a molar ratio of guanidine: 10 within the range from about 1: 1 to about 20: 1) utilizing a coupling agent such as 1,1'- carbonyldi-imidazole. The coupling of 7 and 8 to provide compounds of formula 9 can also be carried out in the presence of palladium catalysts by methods described in the literature (Wagaw, S. et al, J. Amer. Chem. Soc. 1997, Vol.

119,8458 and references therein).

Compounds of formulae 7 and 8 are commercially available or they can be prepared by methods described in the literature.

Scheme 3 (R=t-butyl or t-amyl) Compounds of formula IC of the invention wherein two of R2, R3 and R4 taken together form a carbocyclic ring can be prepared according to Scheme 4. The reaction of cyclopentadiene 11 with an unsaturated ester of formula 12 in the presence of a Lewis acid (diethylaluminum chloride, tin chloride etc.) gives compound of formula 13 which can be converted to the desired compounds of formula 1C by reacting with guanidine as described in Scheme 2.

Compounds of formula 11 and 12 are commercially available or they can be prepared by methods described in the literature.

Scheme 4 Et2AICI, toluene 9 ° ,--z OEt hexanes R ! OEt / 11 12 13 if 0 NH2 guanidine C, nt Nz1HNH2 "\y 0 NHz rt, DMF, lac 1C

Compounds of formula IA of the invention wherein n = 1 and X is other than nitrogen (e. g., arylcyclopropane- carboxy guanidines) can also be prepared according to Scheme 5. An olefin of formula 14 is reacted with ethyl diazoacetate (15) in the presence of a transition metal catalyst such as rhodium acetate, palladium acetate etc. to provide compounds of formula 16. Condensation of 16 with guanidine provides compounds of formula IA. Compounds of formulas 14 and 15 are commercially available or they can be prepared by standard methods described in the literature.

Scheme 5 R2 ? R2 9 Ri' Rh (OAc) 2 R>Wt R3 + N2CHCOOEt R1 J OEt R3 CHzClz R3 15 14-16 R2 0 nu2 guanidine R1t N<NH2 rt, DMF R3 NH2 IA

Scheme 6 2 R7+ y- R3 R2 R3 R 1 H + I I It, Re C+ R 17 R$R 19 17'r< 7 lz L pB R7 J 19 (where R7 and R8 are independently lower alkyl and Y is a counter ion such as CF3SO3) R23 R2 3 2 3 R2 ---C02H----,W02H IA R1 R1 R1 20 21 21 a As set forth in Scheme 6, the process for the preparation of 2- (2', 3'-dihydrobenzofuran-4'-yl) cyclo- propane carboxylate (used as starting materials) involves the above chemical reactions.

The preparation of iminium salt 19 from olefin 17 and N, N-disubstituted ketene iminium salt 18 is carried out in a suitable solvent or solvent mixtures such as hydrocarbons, halogenated hydrocarbons, ethers, esters, ketones, amides and nitriles. The preferred solvent is dichloromethane. N, N-disubstituted ketene iminium salt 18 may be generated in situ by the reaction of an N, N- disubstituted amide with an acylating reagent such as acyl halides or anhydrides in the presence of a base choosing from aromatic or aliphatic bases. The preferred acylation reagent is trifluoromethanesulfonic anhydride and the preferred base is collidine. The N, N-disubstituted ketene iminium salt 18 may alternatively be generated in situ from an a-halo-N, N-disubstituted enamine such as a-chloro-N, N- disubstituted enamine with a Lewis acid such as zinc chloride. The reaction temperatures range from 0-150°C, with 30-100°C being preferred. The preferred starting material is 4-vinyl-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran and the preferred

ketene iminium salt precusors are N, N-dimethylacetamide and N,N-dimethylisobutyramide.

The preparation of cyclobutanone 20 from the corresponding iminium salt 19 by hydrolysis under aqueous conditions is carried out with the optional use of acid such as HC1 or other conventional acid.

The preparation of acid 21 is carried out by generating the enolate of 20 using a base in a suitable solvent or solvent mixture followed by halogenation with a halogenating reagent to form the corresponding a- haloketone. The base used in this step includes LiHMDS, NaHMDS, KHMDS or any other base capable of enolyzing cyclobutanones. The preferred base is LiHMDS. A suitable solvent or solvent mixture includes ethers, hydrocarbons, or amides with the preferred solvent being THF. The temperature for the enolate formation may range from-110° to 50°C with-80° to 25°C being preferred. The halogenating reagent includes N-bromosuccinimide (NBS), N- chlorosuccinimide (NCS), N-iodosuccinimide (NIS), bromine, chlorine, iodine, dihalohydantoin or other electrophilic halogenating reagents with NBS being preferred.

Subsequent treatment of the a-haloketone with a base in a suitable solvent or solvent mixture forms 21. The base used in this step includes metal hydroxide or alkyloxide or aryloxide with metal hydroxide such as sodium hydroxide being preferred. The suitable solvent or solvent mixture may be any conventional solvent with the mixture of THF and water being preferred. The reaction temperature may range from-80° to 60°C with-20° to 40°C being preferred.

The resolution of 21 to form 21a is carried out by reaction of 21 with an appropriate chiral amine in a suitable solvent or solvent mixture to form the corresponding amine salt. The chiral amine includes conventional amines for resolution purpose with (R)-1- phenylethylamine preferred. The solvent or solvent mixture includes any conventional solvent with ethanol preferred.

The temperature may range from 160° to-20°C with 80° to 0°C preferred.

The amine salt is converted to free acid 21a by reaction with aqueous acid in a suitable solvent or solvent mixture. The aqueous acid includes those acids that are stronger than the carboxylic acid 21 with aqueous HC1 being preferred. A suitable solvent includes any conventional solvent with ethyl acetate being preferred. The acid 21a can be converted to compound IA of the invention by coupling 21a with guanidine in the presence of a coupling agent such as carbonyl diimidazole.

Scheme 7 O ORo Rll t R2 + HI + (CH20) n 0-ORlo R3 OH R R1 R1 R3 ° 3 22 23 24 Riz H, R12 OR, o 2. Guanidine NHz DMF NU R1 R3 ° DMF R1 R3 ° 25 ID -ID R11 = Aryl, lower alkyl, benzyl R12 = Aryl, lower alkyl, benzyl, arylcarbonyl, alkylcarbonyl, formyl, alkylaminocarbonyl, arylaminocarboynl Compounds of formula ID of the invention can be prepared as in Scheme 7. The reaction of unsaturated ester 3 with N-substituted glycine and paraformaldehyde gives compound of formula 24 which can be converted to the desired compound of formula ID of the invention by reacting with guanidine as described in Scheme 2.

Scheme 8 O O-tBu O O-tBu 1. TFA. CH2CI2 O \/NH2 Ph3Guanidine R2XtR3 8 R3 3. 2- RZ R DMF. CDI RZ R NH2 3 3 Rl R R8 R7 RI R8 R7 3 27 ira 3 27! A

R7 and R8 = lower alkyl, alkoxy or can be joined to form a cycloalkyl forming a 5,6 or 7 membered ring Compounds of formula IA of the invention can also be prepared as shown in Scheme 8. The reaction of an unsaturated ester such as 3 with an ylid such as 26 gives 27 which can be hydrolyzed to the corresponding acid and coupled with guanidine using an appropriate coupling reagent such as carbonyl diimidazole to give IA.

Scheme 9 R7 CO2Me 02N-- C02Me NaCN, DMSO R2,) <T C02H /29 Ra_ R 130C R C2H CO Me R1 KOtBu, DMSO 1-R,"IR, R8 28 30 31 Guanidine 0 N NH2 DMF, CDI R 4_ NH2 a IA R7 and R8 = lower alkyl or can be joined to form a cycloalkyl forming a 5,6 or 7 membered ring Compounds of formula IA of the invention can also be prepared as shown in Scheme 9. The reaction of an unsaturated ester such as 27 with compounds of type 29 gives 30 which can be decarboxylated to the corresponding acid 31 and coupled with guanidine using an appropriate coupling reagent such as carbonyl diimidazole to give IA.

Scheme 10 NH O 1. R'C02H, P OP, E) MFN0 NH2 Y H Guanidine, DMF H0 RU 32 ive

Compounds of formula IE of the inventioncan be prepared as shown in Scheme 10. The reaction of 32 with an appropriate carboxylic acid using an appropriate coupling reagent such as PyBOP followed by treatment with guanidine in an appropriate solvent such as DMF gives IE.

Scheme 11 0 C vOMe 1-R1X, Et3N AN<NNH2 NH2 2. Guanidine, DMF 34 IF Compounds of formula IF of the invention can be prepared as shown in Scheme 11. The reaction of 34 with an appropriate alkylating agent in the presence of an appropriate base such as triethylamine followed by treatment with guanidine in an appropriate solvent such as DMF gives IF.

The above schemes as shown fix the position of the acyl guanidine moiety relative to the group B. However, it will be appreciated that these schemes apply to preparing compounds of formula I of the invention wherein the acyl guanidine moiety may be attached at any of the ring positions of the group A.

The compounds of formula I of the invention exhibit Na+/H+ exchange inhibitory activity, and hence, are useful for treating or preventing disorders caused by intracellular acidosis during myocardial ischemia, such as cardiac dysfunction, myocardial necrosis, arrhythmia, reperfusion injury, and the like which are observed in

ischemic heart diseases (e. g., myocardial infarction and angina pectoris).

Thus, compounds of formula I of the invention may be used as antiischemic agents, i. e., for the treatment of ischemic conditions such as myocardial ischemia, cerebral ischemia, lower limb ischemia and the like. Thus, a composition containing one (or a combination) of the compounds of this invention, may be administered to a species of mammal (e. g., humans, dogs or cats) suffering from an ischemic condition.

A single dose, or two to four divided daily doses, provided on a basis of about 0.001 to about 100 mg per kilogram of body weight per day, preferably about 0.1 to about 25 mg per kilogram of body weight per day is appropriate. The substance is preferably administered orally, but parenteral routes such as the subcutaneous, intramuscular, intravenous or intraperitoneal routes or any other suitable delivery system, such as intranasal or transdermal routes can also be employed.

As a result of the Na+/H+ exchange inhibiting activity of the compounds of this invention, these compounds are also useful in the treatment of cardiovascular disorders. For example, compounds of the present invention are useful as therapy for congestive heart failure, therapy for peripheral vascular disorders (e. g. Raynaud's Disease), therapy for hypertension, as anti-anginal agents, as antifibrillatory agents, and in limiting myocardial infarction.

Compounds of the present invention are additionally expected to be useful in the treatment of cerebral ischemia (e. g., stroke).

As a result of the Na/H exchange inhibiting activity, the compounds of this invention can also be used for the treatment of diseases associated with proliferation of smooth muscle cells, mesangial cells, and fibroblasts.

Such diseases include restenosis after angioplasty, renal fibrosis, atherosclerosis, hepatic fibrosis, prostate

hypertrophy, pulmonary fibrosis and glomerular nephrosclerosis. other uses for compounds of this invention which inhibit Na/H exchange include treatments for diseases such as cardiac hypertrophy, ischemic/reperfusion injury associated with organ transplantation, and other surgical procedures such as percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA).

Due to their Na/H exchange inhibiting properties, compounds of this invention can also be used for CNS disorders associated with cerebral ischemia such as cerebral infarction, cerebral edema and like.

Additionally, they can be used for ischemia and ischemia- reperfusion injury resulting from shock and trauma.

The compounds of the invention are also anti- thrombotic agents and antiproliferative agents and are also useful in treating renal disease.

The compounds of the invention are also dual inhibitors of NHE-1 and NHE-3 and thus can be used as cardioprotectants for the treatment of heart disease, whilst also improving renal function by protecting against renal damage, or reversing hypertension by a direct modulation of sodium resorbtion in the kidney. As dual inhibitors, the compounds of the invention are also useful in a combination of therapies, for example, hypertension in patients with acute coronary syndromes, MI, recovery from MI and chronic stable angina. They are also useful for heart failure when an anti-hypertensive or diuretic agent is required for treatment.

Compounds of this invention can be additionally used for the treatment of diabetes mellitus and other diabetic complications and for lowering serum lipids such as lowering LDL-cholesterol.

The compounds of this invention can also be formulated in combination with a diuretic such as chlorothiazide, hydrochlorothiazide, flumethiazide, hydroflumethiazide, bendroflumethiazide,

methylchlorthiazide, trichloromethiazide, polythiazide or benzthiazide as well as ethacrynic acid tricrynafen, chlorthalidone, furosemide, musolimine, bumetanide, triamterene, amiloride and spironolactone and salts of such compounds, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors such as captopril, zofenopril, fosinopril, enalapril, ceranopril, cilazopril, delapril, pentopril, quinapril, ramipril, lisinopril, and salts of such compounds, thrombolytic agents such as tissue plasminogen activator (tPA), recombinant tPA, streptokinase, urokinase, prourokinase, and anisoylated plasminogen streptokinase activator complex (APSAC, Eminase, Beecham Laboratories), or calcium channel blocking agents such as verapamil, nifedipine or diltiazem.

Such combination products if formulated as a fixed dose employ the compounds of this invention within the dose range described above and the other pharmaceutically active agent within its approved dose range.

The compounds of formula I, and combinations thereof, can be formulated, as described above, in compositions such as tablets, capsules or elixirs for oral administration, in sterile solutions or suspensions for parenteral administration, and may also be administered via transdermal patch or nasal inhalation solutions. About 10 to about 500 milligrams of a compound of formula I is compounded with physiologically acceptable vehicle, carrier, excipient, binder, preservative, stabilizer, flavor, etc., in a unit dosage form as called for by accepted pharmaceutical practice. The amount of active substance in these compositions or preparations is such that a suitable dosage in the range indicated is obtained.

The following examples and preparations describe the manner and process of making and using the invention and are of preferred embodiments of the invention. It should be understood that there may be other embodiments which fall within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the claims appended hereto.

Example 1 trans-N- (Aminoiminomethyl)-2- (4-methylphenyl) cyclopropane- carboxamide

To a solution of trans-4-methylcinnamic acid (81 mg, 0.5 mmol) in THF (10 mL) was added Pd (OAc) 2 (5 mg) in small portions followed by a cold (0°C) ethereal diazomethane (CH2N2) solution [6 mL, prepared from 1, l-methyl-3-nitro-1-nitrosoguanidine (74 mg, 4.5 mmol)] with continuous stirring during 10-15 minutes.

The addition of the diazomethane was done dropwise at 0°C just following each addition of the palladium catalyst. A few drops of glacial acetic acid were added at the conclusion of the reaction to quench any unreactive diazomethane. The reaction mixture was filtered through a Celite bed and the cake was washed with fresh THF (2 x 10 mL). The filtrate was concentrated to give the title compound in the form of a dark oil (86 mg, 90% yield). <BR> <BR> <BR> <BR> <BR> <P>1H NMR (270 MHz, CDC13) 8 7.08 (d, J=8.03 Hz, 2H); 6.98 (d, J=8.32 Hz, 2H); 3.70 (s, 3H); 2.5-2.45 (m, 1H); 2.30 (s, 3H); 1.85-1.84 (m, 1H); 1.60-1.55 (m, 1H); 1.32-1.25 (m, 1H).

To a stirring solution of guanidine (148 mg, 2.5 mmol in DMF (1 mL) was added a solution of Part A compound in DMF (0.5 mL). Stirring was continued for 3 h at room temperature. Addition of water (2 mL) and extraction with ethyl acetate (2 x 5 mL), followed by evaporation of solvent afforded the crude product as a tan solid. The title compound was isolated as a TFA salt (white solid, 95 mg, 75% overall yield) from the preparative HPLC.

[Analytical HPLC: ret. time = 2.83 min; 100% purity; LC/MS- <BR> <BR> m/e (M+H) +218+; 1H NMR (270b MHz; CD30D) 6 7.1 (d, J=8.2 Hz, 2H); 7.04 (d, J=8.2 Hz, 2H); 2.62-2.52 (m, 1H); 2.29 (s, 3H); 2.06-1.95 (m, 1H); 1.74-1.65 (m, 1H) ; 1.57-1.49 (m, 1H)].

Example 2 <BR> <BR> <BR> trans-N- (Aminoiminomethyl)-2- (2, 3-dihydro-4-benzofuranyl)- cvclopropanecarboxamide A. 2,3-Dihydrobenzofuran-4-carboxylic acid -OH o osa 0 o ou Benzofuran-4-carboxylic acid [Eissenstat, et al, J. Medicinal Chemistry, 38 (16) 3094- 3105 (1995)] (10.0 g, 61.7 mmol) was hydrogenated (60 psi) in acetic acid (100 mL) over 10% Pd/C (2 g) for 12 hr. The mixture was filtered and the filtrate was diluted with water (500 mL) to give 2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-4-carboxylic acid as a white powder (8.4 g, 83%). A sample was recrystallized from isopropanol to give fine white needles (mp: 185.5-185.5°C).

B. 2,3-Dihydrobenzofuran-4-methanol A solution of Part A 2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-4- carboxylic acid (10 g, 61 mmol) in THF (100 mL) was stirred as LAH (4.64 g, 122 mmol) was slowly added. The mixture was heated to reflux for 30 min. The mixture was cooled and quenched cautiously with ethyl acetate and then with 1N HC1 (150 mL). The mixture was then made acidic with 12N HC1 until all the inorganic precipitate dissolved. The organic layer was separated, and the inorganic layer was extracted twice with ethyl acetate. The organic layers were combined, washed twice with brine, and then concentrated in vacuo. This oil was distilled to give 2,3- dihydrobenzofuran-4-methanol as a clear oil that crystallized upon cooling (8.53 g, 87.6%).

C. 2,3-Dihydrobenzofuran-4-carboxaldehyde DMSO (8.10 mL, 114 mmol) was added at-78°C to a stirred solution of oxalyl chloride in CH2C12 (40 mL of a 2M solution). A solution of Part B 2,3-dihydrobenzofuran- 4-methanol (8.53 g, 56.9 mmol) in CH2C12 (35 mL) was added dropwise, and the solution stirred at-78°C for 30 min.

Triethylamine (33 mL, 228 mmol) was added cautiously to quench the reaction. The resulting suspension was stirred

at room temperature for 30 min. and diluted with CH2C12 (100 mL). The organic layer was washed three times with water, and twice with brine, and then concentrated in vacuo to give 2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-4-carboxaldehyde as an oil (8.42 g, 100%) that was used without purification.

D. trans-3- (2,3-Dihydro-4-benzofuranyl)-2- propenoic acid A solution of 2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-4-carboxaldehyde (8.42 g, 56.9 mmol) and malonic acid (11.86 g, 114 mmol) in pyridine (30 mL) and pyrrolidine (1 mL) was heated at reflux for 6 hr. The solution was cooled'and poured into cold water (400 mL). The mixture was made strongly acidic with 12 N HC1 to give a pale yellow precipitate that was filtered and air dried. The pale yellow powder was recrystallized from isopropanol to give white flakes (10.3 g, 95.3%, mp: 205-207°C).

Anal. for C1lHl003: Calc'd, C, 69.46; H, 5.30. Found, C, 69.36; H, 5.17. in NMR (300 MHz, CDC13) 87.76 (d, 1H, J=16.1 Hz), 7.15 (t, <BR> <BR> <BR> <BR> 1H, J=7.8 Hz), 7.07 (d, 1H, J=7.8 Hz), 6.81 (d, 1H, J=7.8 Hz), 6.37 (d, 1H, J=16.1 Hz), 4.62 (t, 2H, J=8.8 Hz), 3.33 (t, 2H, J=8.8 Hz).

E. trans-2- (2,3-Dihydro-4-benzofuranyl)- cyclopropanecarboxvlic acid, methvl ester

The title compound was prepared from title D compound by the same procedure as described in Example 1, Part A.

F. trans-N- (Aminoiminomethyl)-2- (2,3-dihydro-4- benzofuranvl)-cvclopropanecarboxamide The title compound was prepared from the title E compound by the same procedure as described in Example 1, Part B.

Example 3 <BR> (IS-trans)-N- (Aminoiminomethyl)-2- (2,3-dihydro-4-benzo- furanvl) cvclopropanecarboxamide The title compound was prepared from the title compound of Example 2 (racemic mixture) by HPLC using Chiralpak-AD column with isopropanol: hexanes: triethylamine (10: 90: 0.2) as a mobile phase.

Example 4 (lR-trans)-N- (Aminoiminomethyl)-2- (2,3-dihydro-4-benzo-<BR> furanyl) cvclopropanecarboxamide

The title compound was prepared from the title compound of Example 2 (racemic mixture) by HPLC using Chiralpak-AD column and isopropanol: hexanes: triethylamine (10: 90: 0.2) as a mobile phase.

Examples 5 to 48 The following compounds were prepared from the corresponding a, P-unsaturated acids or esters by the method described in Examples 1 and 2. Example Structure Characterization (MS) o nu 5 0 +246 NNH2 H 6 0NH O a N) t NE (M+H) +246 N NH2 x o nu 7 A (M+H) +282 NUE2 I TUT Bu o NFI 8 (M+H) +237 né2 H Cl - 9 (M+H) +203 NNH2 H ". oh O NFi 10 Br E (M+H) +282 N'I, NH2 Example No. Structure Characterization (MS) o nu 11 Me (M+H) +264 N NH2 OYE OMe , 0 mu 12 (M+H) +362 //\N NH2 0 ber nu o NFi 13 Me NH2 (M+H) +218 Me R H mye Cl. 0 MH (M+H) +272 NUE2 I TI I £1 c NU 15 02 (M+H) +249 H 0 NE I O NH 16 C +238 OMe O NH Oye 0ne OMe O Nfi Meo (M+H) +264 ' N NH2 H - O NH 18 (M+H) +272 N NH2 I j H F 3 Example No. Structure Characterization (MS) 19 F3 (M+H) +288 A 0 mu 19 pea 7\ JI L (M+H) +288 CJ H O NH 20 A u A (M+H) +280 fVNMH Nez NH2 Bu 0nu Ph Sr O NH 21 (M+H) +342 met oye Mu0 OMe O ni 22 (M+H) +248 z 0NUE 0-- O NFi 23 A N NH2 (M+H) +250 \ N Nfi2 jl J H MeS O NE 24 Meo (M+H) +294 MeOQ EH Me0 OMe 0 NH 25 (M+H) +222 F H F Cl O NFi 26 ci 0NE (M+H) +298 I \ NNH2 H mye0 A 0 NH 27 AN NH2 (M+H) +249 02N 2 02N H 2 g O N"yNH (M+H) + 2 9 4 hocco I NHE H,/ I I H, C H'CO 29 O N\/NH (M+Fi) + 234 Y CH, NH2 O/ 0 30 OtNtNH M+H) 220 NHZ HA F-0 31 O\/N/NH (M+H) + 250 NHZ HO Zozo 32 N 9 (M+H) 247 Y NHz CH, HCN 0 CH 33 Q H NH (M+H) 220 NU, HO HA 34 XNtNH (M+H) 250 CH, 1 NH ; O/ HA 35 °tNtNH (M+H) + 240 if NHz H 6 36 4 NY NH (M+H) 240 F NHZ F 37 X NHl (M+H) 240 NHZ \ NU, F 38 X Y (M+H) 240 Nu2 F F FUI 39 O H (M+H) + 246 A NHE NHE CHEZ zizi CHEZ CH, 40 HCs X NH2 (M+H) + 264 Y p nu Z HCO \ 41 H NH (M+H) 313 NHZ Br MHz 42 OY (M+H)"301 NHZ Ber BER Bu 43 X t (M+H) 301 NU2 Br F 44 OY (M+H)"282 NHZ w"0 VS O 45 1 (M+H) + 264 NHZ | H 2 H3Cw0/ 46"Y (M+H)"340 CH. 1 NH, 0 47 0 NH (M+H) + 234 NHE Fi3CO I/ 48 IN YN (M+H) 248 Nu2 NHZ H3C. 0/ I 49 0 H (M+1246 NH2 N \ O N/ Example 50 trans-N- (Aminoiminomethyl)-2- (2,5-dimethylphenyl) cyclo- sropanecarboxamide To a stirred solution of ethyl diazoacetate (0.105 mL, 1.0 mmol) and 2,5-dimethylstyrene (198 mg, 1.5 mmol) in 2 mL methylene chloride at-78°C was added Pd (OAc) 2 (10 mg) and the reaction mixture was gradually allowed to come to RT over approximately 10 minutes. The mixture was concentrated to remove solvent and the resulting residue was treated with a solution of guanidine (295 mg, 5 mmol) in 2 mL DMF. The mixture was stirred at RT for 3h and concentrated. The resulting crude brownish residue was shaken with 5 mL ethyl acetate to extract the soluble material and the ethyl acetate solution was added to a prepacked Varian Chem ElutTM 5 mL column, pretreated with 3 mL water. An additional 5 mL ethyl acetate was used to

extract the column and the combined ethyl acetate eluate was concentrated. The residue was subjected to preparative HPLC (C18 column/90: 10: 0.1 to 10: 90: 0.1 water-MeOH-TFA gradient) providing 13 mg of the title compound (as a trifluoroacetic acid salt), LRMS (M+H) = 232.

Examples 50A and 50B Chiral Enantiomer A Chiral Enantiomer B The Examples 49A and 49B compounds are prepared by resolving the racemic mixture from Example 49 by chiral chromatography (Chirapak AD column/hexanes-IPA- triethylamine 90: 10: 0.2). The title compound is eluted as the faster moving enantiomer, [a] D + 218°C=1 (MeOH).

Examples 51-67 The following compounds were prepared from the corresponding olefins using the procedure described above for Example 50. Example No. Structure Characterization (MS) 51" ff m (M+H)"216 H NHE I\ 52 5 T (M+H)'286 wH NH2 53 a (M+H) + 296 N NH2 H I I H 54 H3C O NH (M+H) + 252+ NHZ CRI 55 CH3 (M+H) 234 N NH2 H 56 NH (M+H) + 2 3 2 HIC H c H3C 57 NH (M+H) + 222 F il NHZ 58 F o NH (M+H) + 222 N'k NH2 H 59 NH (M+H) + 248 N-'NHZ N / O H3J 60 o NII" (M+H) + 218 HIC NHz 61 fH'8 NH (M+H) 218 N''NH2 I H 62 o NH (M+H) 234 NHZ H H3Cw0/ 63 tH3 1g NH (M+H) 246 NHZ H3C CH3 64 (M+H) + 264 NHZ I H HsC. O 65 F i ^ A (M+H) 340 F I N-'NH2 I H FI FUR T 0 nu 0 nu O NU N NH2 H / 67 F, F NNH2 / Example 68

To a solution of ethyl 4-nitrocinnamate (0.5 g, 2.2 mmol) and cyclopentadiene (0.17 g, 2.7 mmol) in toluene (20 mL) was added 1M solution of diethylaluminum chloride (2.6 mL, 2.6 mmol) in hexane at-78°C. The resulting solution was stirred at-78°C for 1.5 h and warmed to ambient temperature and stirred for 12 h. The solution was washed with 1N NaOH solution, dried (MgS04) and concentrated. The residue was chromatographed on silica gel (ethyl acetate: hexanes/ 1: 4) to give the desired product (0.39 g) as a 4: 1 mixture of 2 isomers.

To a solution of title A compound (0.20 g, 0.7 mmol) in DMF (5 mL) was added guanidine (0.2 g, 3.5 mmol) at ambient temperature. The resulting solution was stirred for 16 h at ambient temperature. The solution was diluted with ethyl acetate and washed with brine. The organic layer was dried (MgS04) and concentrated. The residue was purified by reverse phase preparative HPLC to give the desired product as a white solid. (M+H) = 301.

Example 69-113 Using the procedure described in Example 68, the following compounds were prepared. CharacterlzatlonExamples Structure Characterization mu 69 0 NH (M+H) 274 2 isomer A < N NH2 Nu2 70 0 NH (M+H) 274 0 isomer B NU2 71 < O NH2 (M+H) +290 CI N' NH2 (M+H) +301 72 . rO0' o NH HNX NH.. NU, °' (M+H) +291 73rQ NH HN NHZ (M+H) T274 74 nu HN NHz (M+H) *274 75 H /S" F F (M+H) +335 76J O N 'y~HH, HN 2 77 N NH H Bu Br NH2 (M+H) +298 7g nu "\HN O e (M+H) +335 79 o-" ; 79 S ? 80-H NH bu (M+H) *284 81 NH2 N N H NU I\ (M+H)'291 82 HAN /_NHZ HN I NHZ (M+H) +291 'NH N nu \ (M+H)286 84 O N HN/-NH2 (M+H) +286 Nu, NU N nu O I/ (M+H) +286 l 85<H ANH 1/, _H on '~NH- Han 2 k,? NH'H86 0 (M+H) +286 N nu H (M+H) +291 88 S H 0 N Ho HN" 0 NHz (M+H) +291 89 N''N'H (M+H) 286 90 NHE 91 NA (M+H) 286 NHE N nu NU 92 (M+H) +270 92 ZON 0' NHZ (M+H) +270 93 NU H ( (M+H) +270 H ZON O HNNHz (M+H) +270 95 nez 95 CNH, H Hz (M+H) +270 96 O N "y-NH, k P (M+mPO (M+H) *270 H NH I\ 98 9 (M+H) +353 98b- » N HNS_NH2 (M+H) +353 99 H NH F oJ (M+H) +300 100 S /fNNi 100 (M+H) +274 101 S O N HN HN2(M+H) +324 102 A HN NH2 (M+H) +340 103 Q NN "~HH (M+H) +292 F 104 AF oS NH HN-"' HN (M+H) (M+H)'325 105y'0 H _ F (M+H) +392 106 F F F O N H HAN UN! Fs, F (M+H) 342 107 F Obr N HN 2 (M+H) +309 108 ON HN-NH2 (M+H) +313 109 AN 3 HN -a o V, HN' (M+H) +375 110 O (M+H) +321 111 S H i-a 0 Nll NH (M+H) +367 HO 112 A N11 HN' ; (M+H) 351 113 jazz ou -l-N 1 HNfJHi Example 114

To a solution of the compound of Example 96 in methanol (20 mL) was added carbon on platinum. The resulting mixture was stirred at ambient temperature and ambient pressure of hydrogen for 4 hr and filtered. The filtrate was concentrated the residue was purified by reverse phase preparative HPLC to give the title product as a white powder (M+H)'=272.

Examples 115 to 145 Following the procedure of Examples 68 and 114, the following compounds were prepared. Example Structure MW (M+H)'272 115 HN NH2 HN (M+H)'272 116 3 \ HNS_NHF (M+H)'272 zizi 117 O N HNNHz (M+H)'258 I 118 zon o \ H HN (M+H) +258 NHZ 119 A-<, A N NU Hz oh 120/Y (M+H)288 0 NHE (M+H)'300 NHZ 121 NI- NH NU 0 (M+H)'286 NH2 122 N \ NH NU H o- (M+H) t288 123 --a han ho (M+H)'288 w I 124 ZON H (M+H) *288 o ---- 1 H NH H (M+H)'288 i 19R A, 126 NU o (M+H)'288 127 nu2 N nu NH 128 (M+H)-293 han zon ~~K 0 \ "yHH, J (M+H) t302 129 129, ( r 0 ' (M+H) +342 O''F zip A ; .-"0" (M+H)'355 131 N O N NU2 132 (M+H)'276 132 JT o", HN' FulF (M+H) 326 b 133 o b N" HN""' F (M+H)'294 134 F NU HN NH2 (M+H) +293 135 93 NH2 HN NHz (M+H) +327 136 cul \ N HNNHz Br (M+H) +337 137 o b\ Hz (M+H) +394 138 IL HN HNN ' (M+H)'344 /F 139 ON 0 N--NH2 0 \ cl (M+H) +311 /F 140 ° ow W (M+H)'315 141 » > o C HN (M+H) *377 142 HN"'1 (M+H)S (M+H) +323 N 143 TNII . ___ NN : IIN (M+H)'327 145 145 O NH """NH (M+H) +353 /F 145A ° HN) NH, °\ Han Example 146

To a solution of tert-butyldiethylphosphonoacetate (6.94g, 27.5 mmol) in THF (50 ml) at 0°C was added slowly sodium hexamethyldisilazide (NaHMDS) (27.5 ml, 27.5 mmol).

The resulting solution was warmed to 25°C and stirred 30 minutes. After cooling the reaction mixture to 0°C, a solution of 3,5-dichlorobenzaldehyde (4.38g, 25 mmol) in THF (25 ml) was slowly added. The reaction mixture was warmed to 25°C and stirred overnight. The reaction mixture was poured onto saturated NH4C1/EtOAc. The aqueous layer was extracted 3 times (X) with EtOAc. The combined organics were washed with brine, dried over Na2SO4, and concentrated in vacuo. Purification of the crude residue on silica gel (9: 1 hexanes-EtOAc) provided 5.19g (77%) of title compound in the form of a white solid.

To a suspension of isopropyltriphenylphosphonium iodide (6.48g, 15 mmol) in THF (45 ml) at-78°C was added n-BuLi (2.5 M in hexanes, 6.6 ml, 16.5 mmol). The resulting mixture was warmed to 0°C and stirred 30 minutes.

To the reaction mixture was added a solution of tert-butyl- 3,5-dichlorocinnamic ester (4.11 g, 15 mmol) in THF (30 ml). The reaction mixture was stirred 2 hours at 0°C, then slowly warmed to 25°C and stirred overnight. The reaction mixture was poured onto 10o'H2SO4/EtOAc. The aqueous layer was extracted 3X with EtOAc. The combined organics were washed with saturated NaHC03, brine, and H20, dried over NaS04, and concentrated in vacuo. The crude residue was used without further purification: 1H NMR (CDC13) d 7.32 (1H, s) 7.30-7.27 (2H, m), 2.72 (1H, d, J = 8.9 Hz), 2.28 (1H, d, J = 8.9 Hz), 1.. 71 (9H, s), 1.51 (3H, s), 1.08 (3H, s).

The crude ester from Step B (ca. 25 mmol) was dissolved in 1: 1 trifluoroacetic acid-CH2Cl2 (25ml) at 25°C.

The resulting solution was stirred 1 hour at 25°C. The reaction mixture was concentrated in vacuo. The crude residue was partitioned between 10% NaOH and Et20. The aqueous layer was extracted 3X with ether. The pH of the aqueous layer was adjusted to 4 and was extracted 10X with EtOAc. The combined organics were dried over MgS04 and concentrated in vacuo to afford 2.32 g (71% over two steps) of a white solid: 1H NMR (CDC13) d 7.32 (1H, s) 7.30-7.27 (2H, m), 2.77 (1H, d, J = 8.9 Hz), 2.20 (1H, d, J = 8.9 Hz), 1.48 (3H, s), 1.05 (3H, s).

To a solution of acid from Step C (425 mg, 1.6 mmol) in DMF 5 ml at 25°C was added carbonyldiimidazole (313 mg, 1.9 mmol). The resulting solution was stirred 1 hour at 25°C. To the reaction mixture was added guanidine carbonate (609 mg, 3.2 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred overnight at 25°C. The reaction mixture was poured onto H20/EtOAc. The aqueous layer was extracted 3X with EtOAc. The combined organics were washed 2X with brine, dried over Na2S0q, and concentrated in vacuo to provide 373 mg (77%) of title compound in the form of a yellow oil.

The crude product was separated into its two enantiomers (Chiralpak AD 5 x 50 cm, 9: 1 hexanes-EtOH, 0.2% NEt3, isocratic program): H NMR (CDC13) d 9.02 (1H, bs), 7.71 <BR> <BR> (2H, bs), 7.37 (1H, s) 7.30-7.25 (2H, m), 2.72 (1H, d, J = 8.9 Hz), 2.18 (1H, d, J = 8.9 Hz), 1.48 (3H, s), 1.05 (3H, s); LCMS (M+1) = 301.

Example 147

To a solution of 2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-4-aldehyde (lg, 6.7 mmol) (Example 2, Part C) and dimethyl malonate 0.89 g, 6.7 mmol) in benzene (30 mL) was added piperidine (0.11 g, 1.4 mmol) and acetic acid (0.40 g, 6.7 mmol). The resulting solution was stirred for 18 hr with continuous removal of water. The solution was cooled to ambient temperature and concentrated. The residues was chromatographed on silica gel (ethyl acetat: hexane, 3: 7) to give the title compound (1.5g).

To a solution of Part A compound (1.3 g, 5.0 mmol) and 2-nitropropane (0.88g, 9.9 mmol) in DMSO (20 mL) was added potassium t-butoxide (1.11 g, 9.9 mmol). The resulting mixture was stirred at ambient temperature for 65 hr and diluted with ethyl acetate. The solution was washed with 1N HC1. The organic layer was dried and concentrated.

The residue was chromatographed on silica gel (ethyl acetate: hexane, 15: 85) to give the title compound (0.82 g).

To a solution of Part B compound (0.1 g, 0.3 mmol) in DMSO (10 mL) was added sodium cyanide (32 mg, 0. 65 mmol). The mixture was stirred for 4 hr at 15°C and cooled to ambient temperature and diluted with ethyl acetate. The mixture was extracted with water. The aqueous layer was acidified with 1N HC1 and extracted with ethyl acetate.

The organic layer was dried and concentrated to give the title compound (45 mg) as 8 to 1 of trans to cis isomers.

To a solution of Part C compound (45 mg, 02 mmol) in DMF (5 mL) was added carbonyl-diimidazole (38 mg, 0.2 mmol). The resulting solution was stirred for 1 hr at ambient temperature and guanidine (14 mg, 0.2 mmol) was added. The resulting solution was stirred for 16 hrat ambient temperature and diluted with ethyl acetate. The solution was washed with water. The organic layer was dried and concentrated. The residue was purified by reverse phase preparative HPLC to give the title compound (M+H)+=274.

Example 148

3a-9a-cis-3a, 4,9,9a-Tetrahydro-2,2-dimethyl-2H- naphtho [2,3-d]-1,3-dioxol-5-ol (described in J. Med. Chem., 1978,21,913) (200 g, 0.908 mole), methanol (500 ml), and distilled water (170 mL) were charged in a 1000 mL three- neck round bottom flask equipped with a mechanical stirrer, a reflux condenser, and a digital thermometer probe at room temperature to obtain a suspension. Trifluoroacetic acid (15 mL) was added to the suspension with stirring. The suspension was heated to reflux at 62.5°C for 3 hr. The reaction mixture was cooled to ambient temperature. A white suspension appeared. Methanol and trifluoroacetic acid were removed under reduced pressure. Water (360 mL) was added to the suspension with stirring. The suspension was then heated to 90°C to dissolve the precipitate. The mixture was stirred for 30 min at 90°C and allowed to cool to ambient temperature over 30 min and set aside at ambient temperature for 16 hr. The resulting crystals were filtered and washed with cold distilled water (100 mL). The crystals were dried in vacuo at room temperature overnight to give 155.9 g of the desired triol (95.3% yield) as gray needles.

Part A triol (140 g, 777 mmol), tetrahydrofuran (330 mL) and distilled water (660 mL) were charged to a 2000 mL three-neck round bottom flask equipped with a mechanical stirrer and a digital thermometer at ambient temperature.

A suspension was formed. The suspension was cooled to 0°C by using an ice-water bath. Sodium periodate (179.47 g,

839 mmol) was added portionwise (-10 g each) over a period of 80 minutes. The reaction mixture was stirred for additional 40 minutes at 0°C. The precipitate was filtered and washed with ethanol (2 x 125 mL). The filtrate and the ethanol solutions were combined and saved. absolut ethanol (700 mL) in a 3000 mL three-neck round bottom flask equipped with a mechanical stirrer, a digital thermometer, and a pressure equalizing addition funnel was cooled to-6°C by using a dry-ice acetone bath.

Sodium borohydride (88.18 g, 2.331 mol) was added and the resulting suspension was stirred for 5 min at-6°C. To this was added the dialdehyde solution (1200 mL) in ethanol (from above) dropwise over a period of 80 minutes with the temperature maintained between-3 and 0°C. The mixture was stirred for additional 40 minutes at 0°C. Acetone (300 mL) was added dropwise to above solution over. a period of 40 minutes and while keeping the temperature below 3°C.

The reaction mixture was stirred for additional 0.5 hrs below 3°C. It was then warmed to room temperature and stirred for 30 minutes.

Saturated ammonium chloride solution (500 mL) was then added at room temperature and the white precipitate was filtered and wash with ethanol (2 x 100 mL). The filtrate and the ethanol solutions were combined and the organic solvent removed under reduced pressure. Solid ammonium chloride (50 g) was added to the residue and the residue extract with ethyl acetate (5 x 400 mL). The combined organic layers were washed with 2: 1 mixture of water: saturated sodium hydrogensulfite (300 mL), 1: 1 mixture of water: brine (300 mL), and brine (2 x 300 mL).

The organic phase was dried over magnesium sulfate and filtered. The solvent was removed under reduced pressure to give 136.13 g of the desired compound in 94.8% yield.

Part B triol (134 g, 735 mmol), pyridine (250 mL), and dichloromethane (350 mL) were charged in a 2000 mL three- neck round bottom flask equipped with a mechanical stirrer, a digital thermometer, and a pressure equalizing addition funnel at room temperature. The mixture was cooled to -40°C by a dry-ice acetone bath. To this was added a solution of tosyl chloride (274.78 g, 1.442 mol) in pyridine (70 mL) and dichloromethane (400 mL) over a period of 170 minutes at-40°C with good stirring. The mixture was stirred for an additional 3.5 hr at-35°C. Additional tosyl chloride (16.81 g, 88.2 mmol) was then added to the reaction mixture at-40°C and the reaction mixture stirred for 30 minutes. The reaction mixture was warmed to-10°C and dichloromethane (1500 mL) was added at-10°C. The reaction mixture was warmed to room temperature, washed with 2N HC1 (4 x 650 mL), saturated NaHC03 (650 mL), brine (650 mL), dry over Na2SO4, and filtered. Solvent was removed under reduced pressure to give 360 g of crude ditosylate as a light yellowish residue which was used for the next step without any purification.

The crude ditosylate and methanol (2000 mL) were charged in a 3000 mL three-neck round bottom flask equipped with a mechanical stirrer, a digital thermometer, and a pressure equalizing addition funnel. The mixture was cooled to 0°C by an ice-water bath. Anhydrous potassium carbonate (111.74 g, 809 mmol) was added portionwise to the methanol solution at 0°C and the reaction mixture stirred at 0°C for 2 hr. The reaction mixture was warmed to room temperature and stirred for additional 2 hr. The white precipitate was filtered and washed with ethyl acetate (2 x 100 mL). The filtrates were combined and concentrated to -500 mL. The resulting precipitate was filtered and washed with 1: 1 methanol: water (100 mL). The residue was dried in

vacuum (-1 mmHg) for 3.5 hrs and over house vacuum overnight to give the desired compound (197.0 g, 84% yield).

The Part C tosylate (100 g, 314 mmol) was dissolved in THF (1200 mL) in a 2000 mL three-neck round bottomed flask equipped with a mechanical stirrer, a digital thermometer, and a pressure equalizing addition funnel at room temperature. The reaction mixture was cooled to 0°C by an ice-water bath. To this was added a solution of t-BuOK (1 M, 345.5 mL) in THF dropwise at 0°C over a period of 110 min. The reaction mixture was warmed to ambient temperature and stirred for additional 2 hr. Water (350 mL) and EtOAc (600 mL) were added and the two layers were separated. The aqueous layer was further extracted with EtOAc (2 x 150 mL). The combined EtOAc layers were washed with brine (2 x 150 mL) dried over MgS04 and filtered. The solvent was removed under reduced pressure to give 46 g of the title styrene in 100% yield.

To a flame-dried 1L three necked round bottom flask equipped with a magnetic stirrer was added N, N, 2-trimethyl propionamide (17.8mL, 0.138mol) and anhydrous methylene chloride (200mL). The mixture was stirred to give a solution under argon and cooled to-15°C. Trifluoro- methanesulfonic anhydride (26mL, 0.154mol) was added via syringe and the resulting mixture was stirred at-15°C for 10 minutes. A solution of (from Part D) (17.5g,

0.12mol), and collidine (21mL, 0.155mol) in anhydrous methylene chloride (30mL) was added at-15°C. After the addition was c. mpleted, the reaction mixture was heated to reflux and stirred for 20 hours. The solvent was removed on a rotary evaporator and the residue oil was washed with ether (3xlOOmL) The residue was then dissolved in methylene chloride (150mL). Water (150mL) was added and the mixture was refluxed for 6 hours. After cooling to room temperature, the phases were separated. The aqueous layer was extracted with methylene chloride (2xlOOmL). The rich organic layers were combined, washed with brine (200mL) and dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate. After removal of sodium sulfate by filtration, the filtrate was concentrated to give an oil which was purified by silica gel chromatography using 5-10% EtOAc/hexane as the eluent to give 19. Og (73%) title compound as a white crystalline compound. HPLC, 100A% at 220nm. H NMR (CDC13) d, 7.14 (t, J=7.8Hz, 1H), 6.72 (t, J=8.2Hz, 2H), 4.52-4.65 (m, 2H), 3.50 (dd, J=7.0,16.4Hz, 1H), 3.08-3.41 (m, 4H), 1.38 (s, 3H), 0.83 (s, 3H).

To an oven dried 3L three necked round bottom flask equipped with a mechanical stirrer was placed Part E compound (20.0g, 92.47mmol) and anhydrous THF (925mL). The mixture was stirred to give solution and cooled to-65°C.

A solution of IN LiHMDS in THF (101.7mL, 101.7mmol) was added over 15 minutes while keeping the pot temperature below-55°C. The resulting mixture was stirred at-70°C for 30 minutes and 0°C for 15 minutes. After cooling back

to-70°C, a solution of N-bromosuccinimide (NBS) (16.4g, 92.2mmol) in anhydrous THF (230mL) was added over 5 minutes. After addition was completed the cooling bath was replaced with an ice-water bath and the reaction mixture was stirred to 0°C for 10-20 minutes at which time HPLC indicated that the bromination was complete. A solution of sodium hydroxide (23.1g, 577.5mmol) in DI water (230mL) was added at 0°C and the resulting reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 15-30 minutes at which time the ring contraction reaction was complete. THF was removed on a rotary evaporator and the rich aqueous was washed with MTBE (2xl25mL). The residual organic solvent was removed on rotary evaporator and the rich aqueous was diluted with DI water (250mL). The pH of the resulting rich aqueous was then adjusted from-12. 5 to 1.0 using conc. HC1 (47mL).

The resulting slurry was cooled to 0°C and stirred for 30 minutes. The slurry was filtered, washed with ice-cold DI water (3x50mL) and suction dried for 18 hours to give 20.6g (96%) of title compound as white crystalline compound.

HPLC 97.7A% at 220nm. 1H NMR (CDC13) d 7.07 (t, J=7.8Hz, 1H), 6.71 (d, J=7.9Hz, 1H), 6.59 (d, J=7. 6Hz), 4. 61 (t, J=8.9Hz, 2H), 2.23-3.32 (m, 1H), 3.07-3.15 (m, 1H), 2.61 (d, J=5.9Hz, 1H), 2.00 (d, J=5.9Hz, 1H), 1.47 (s, 3H), 1.00 (s, 3H). C NMR (CDC13) d 179.3,160.2,134.4,128.4, 1,31.6,30.8,29.3,22.4, 20.9.

G. Resolution of Part F Acid (Part F Racemic Acid) (Chiral Acid) To a stirring solution of Part F acid (14.0 g, 60.27 mmols) in absolute ethanol (420 mL) at 55°C was added D- (+)-a-methylbenzylamine (9.2 mL, 72.33 mmols) in one portion. To the solution was added a seed crystal then the

mixture was allowed to slowly cool to room temperature with stirring over 2 hrs, then the mixture was stirred an additional 18 hrs at room temperature. The solid was isolated by filtration, washed with hexanes (3 x 5 pad volumes), air-dried (30 min), dried under vaccum (<2 mm Hg, 16 hr) to afford 7.89 g of amine salt as a white powder (37% yield; 50% theoretical maximum).

To a suspension of amine salt (3.70 g, 10.47 mmol) in EtOAc (50 mL) was added 1N HC1 (25 mL) at room temperature. After mixing vigorously, the aqueous solution was removed. The organic solution was washed with sat. aq.

NaCl (25 mL), dried (anhyd. MgS04), filtered, and concentrated in vacuo to afford 2.42 g of chiral acid as a white solid (99% yield).

1H NMR (270 MHz, CDC13): 5 7.05 (dd, J=7.9 and 7.7 Hz, 1H), 6.68 (d, J=7.9 Hz, 1H), 6.58 (d, J=7.7 Hz, 1H), 4.59 (dd, J=9 and 9 Hz, 2H), 2.9-3.4 (m, 2H), 2.59 (d, J=5.9 Hz, 1H), 1.98 (d, J=5.9 Hz, 1H), 1.45 (s, 3H), and 0.98 (s, 3H).

To a stirring solution of Part G chiral carboxylic acid (12g, 51.7mmol) in anhydrous DMF (70 mL) was added CDI (10.05g, 62.04 mmol) in small portions. After 2 h. under argon at RT, a solution of free base guanidine (6.1 g, 103.4 mmol) in DMF (20 mL) was added. Stirring was continued for 18h at RT. The reaction mixture was diluted with ethyl acetate and washed with water (x 5); followed by brine (x 1); dried over MgS04; filtered and solvent was removed in vacuo, affording the crude product as a white foam. The crude product was subjected to reversed phase preparative HPLC (C18 column/water-MeOH-TFA 80: 20: 0.1 to 10: 90: 0.1 gradient) to afford a TFA salt of the title compound. This was dissolved in EtOAc, adjusted to pH 7-8

with saturated Na2CO3 aqueous solution, diluted with water, the organic layer was died over MgSO4 ; filtered and concentrated in vacuo, affording the title compound as a free base. This was taken in THF and treated with 14 mL 4N HCl in dioxane at 0°C with swirling. The solvent was removed in vacuo and the residue was lyophilized from water to afford the title compound as the HCl salt (white solid, 8.6 g, 54 % yield).

MS m/e (M+H) 274 ; H NMR (270MHz; CDCl3) d 11.8 (s, 1H); 8.4 (bs, 4H); 7.26 (s, CHC13); 7.01 (t, J=7.84,1H); 6.67 (d, J=7.94,1H); 6.55 (d, J=7.65,1H); 4.58 (t, J=9.2, 2H); 3.25 (m, 1H); 5.05 (m, 1H); 2.71 (d, J=5.6,1H); 2.12 (d, J=5.7,1H); 1.4 (s, 3H); 0.99 (s, 3H).

13C NMR (270MHz; CDC13) 20.52,22.21,29.29,33.22,34.47, 37.46,71.43,77.1,77.42,77.75,108.6,119.9,127.4, 128.5,133.5,156.4,160.3,173.9. Optical rotation [a ID + 7. 30 c = 1 CHC13- Elemental Analysis: C1sHl9N3o. 1.0 HC1.0.806 H2O % % % H % N Calculated: 55.55 6.72 12.96 Found: 55.55 6.43 13.03 The following compounds were prepared using procedures described above. Example No. Structure Characterization (MS) 149 Hc CH bNH2 (M+H) + 298 N NU 150 H3c C83 NH2 (M+H) + 298 NN \ N_ NH 151 V S T (M+1266 t11"K N"2 151 % o NH (M+H) 266 CI 3 » H NH2 152 N02 0 NH (M+H) + 276 N NH2 V I/ 153 0 Nu NH2 (M+H) 267 F N'fl, NH2 F o NH (M+H) + 266 NNH2 '-nu2 ci 155 0 NH (M+H) + 329 Br N'i NH I H F 156 F 0 NH (M+H) + 267 NU2 157 F 0 NH (M+H) + 267 Nu2 F 158 F 0 NH (M+H) + 329 NHZ Br 159, jL (M+H) + 311 Br N NH, I/ 160 ci (M+H) + 301 NH2 CI 161 F X\\flt r (M+H) + 249 NHZ 162, jL (M+H) + 267 F N NH2 / 163 ci X j (M+H) + 333 NU2 I/ CF3 164 VS! (M+H) + 367 F N'k NH 3 H 2 CF3 165 0 NH (M+H) + 284 F N) L NH2 cul c 166 0 NH (M+H) + 317 'YT\"NH2 CAF3 167 Xx NH (M+H) + 283 F N NH2 H CI NH= (M+H) +297 "J'" 168 N (M+H) +332 I/NNHa NU 169 NH (M+H) +285 H 170f NNH2 ci I/O NH (M+H) CI (M+H) +274 o 171 H 171 171 V (M+H) +274 o 172 H 172 Chiral (M+H) +274+ 0 nu H NH; 173 NH ; 0 NH (M+H) +303 0 Li CL 174 CI) C""'N) NH, (M+H) +232 A 0 NU 175e"(NJ4NH Hz / Y<L0 (M+H) +233 o HN/NH NH, 1 NH2 (M+H) +233 H 177 f \\ T I /N O NH NyO H N 178 X, 1oNtNH N 0 NH HN (M+H) +233 NHZ 179 nu NU Cl 0 (M+H) + 302 NHE CL H -nu CI (M+H) + 298 N NH N H II H 181 N ci (M+H) + 281 H NU 182 N 4 NHZ (M+H) + 297 CI clNANH 183 N o I (M+H) + 318 184 FN N NHZ F 3C CH3 o NH (M+H) + 264 NHz 1853C CH3 186 CH3 0 NH (M+H) + 278 186 N-_NHz ., F 3C CH3 187 P"3 § HC N NH2 F) QC CHe O NH (M+H) + 278 188 g H" (M+278 N''NHE YH3CCH3 Cl 189 XJ NH (M+H) + 266 ce HJ NHZ Nui N CRI NJ NH2 N ORME ove (M+H) + 272 0 H N 0 -NH ; NU 192 0 N (M+H) + 272 N NH2 H I H / 193 (M+H) + 300 N NH2 O N NHz 194 194 (M+H) + 300 0 H NEZ O :b- NHZ // HN 195 o N (M+H) + 263 A NH2 I H N oye N OMe 196 N96 t NX NH (M+H) + 296 . \raz N A NH i 197 N 200 X (M+H) + 296 w Ho-'- / CL 198 0 NH (M+H) + 292 0 N NH2 N NIi2 F Example 199

To a solution of 2-chloroethy-4-fluorophenylketone (2g, 10. 7 mmol) in 1 : 1 solution of THF : ethanol (20 mL) at 0°C was added sodium borohydride (0.49g, 12.8 mmol). The resulting solution was stirred for 3 h at 0°C and was quenched with saturated ammonium chloride (40 mL). The mixture was stirred for 30 min at ambient temperature. The

organic layer was separated and aqueous layer was extracted with diethyl ether. The combined organic layers were dried and concentrated to give the corresponding alcohol, which did not further characterized. To the alcohol concentrated HBr (10 mL) was added. The mixture was stirred for 3 h at ambient temperature and poured into ice (ca 30g) with potassium carbonate (10g). The mixture was extracted with ethyl acetate. The organic layers were dried and concentrated. The residue was chromatographed on silica gel (ethyl acetate: hexane, 1: 9) to give 1.2 g (44%) of title compound.

To a solution of Part A compound (1.16g, 4.6 mmol) in dioxane (20 mL) was added diethyl malonate (0.78g, 4.9 mmol) and sodium hydride (0.28g, 11.6 mmol). The mixture was stirred for 13 h at reflux and cooled to ambient temperature. The mixture was diluted with ethyl acetate and washed with brine. The organic layer was dried and concentrated. The residue was chromatographed on silica gel (ethyl acetate : hexane, 5: 95) to give 0.72 g (53%) of title compound.

A mixture of Part B compound (0.5g, 1.7 mmol) and lithium chloride (0.15g, 3.4 mmol) in 10% aqueous DMSO (lOmL) was stirred for 7 h at reflux and cooled to ambient temperature. The solution was diluted with ethyl acetate . and washed with brine. The organic layer was dried and concentrated. The residue was chromatographed on silica gel (ethyl acetate: hexane, 5: 95) to give 0.23 g (61%) of title compound.

To a solution of Part C compound (0.23g, 1 mmol) in DMF (5 mL) was added guanidine (0.3 g, 5.1 mmol). The mixture was stirred for 18 h at ambient temperature and diluted with ethyl acetate. The mixture was washed with water and dried and concentrated. The residue was purified using reverse phase preparative HPLC to give 0.1 g of the desired product. ( (M+H) +=236).

Example 200 Methyl 3-Amino-2,5-dichlorobenzoate HC1 gas was bubbled through a solution of 2,5- dichloro-3-nitrobenzoic acid (20 g) in 200 mL MeOH and the reaction mixture was 100°C (bath temperature) to remove approximately 80 mL solvent. The mixture was allowed to come to RT, added 80 mL MeOH and bubbled additional HC1 through the reaction mixture. The mixture was heated again to 100°C to remove the volatiles. The residue was dissolved in 250 mL MeOH, followed by the addition of 10 g RaNi. The mixture was stirred at RT under hydrogen for 16

h, filtered to remove the catalyst and the filtrate was cocentrated in vacuo to afford the title compound as an off-white solid (18.5 g).

2,5-Dichloro-3- (carboxymethvl) benzenesulfinic acid A solution of sodium nitrite (1.68 g, 24 mmol) in 5 mL water was added dropwise to a stirred mixture of the Part A compound (4.4 g, 20 mmol), conc. sulfuric acid (15 mL), 89% phosphoric acid (20 mL) and water 10 mL at 0-5°C over 15 minutes. Stirring was continued at 0-5°C for 5 h and the reaction mixture was kept at-16°C for 14 h. To this was added 20 mL precondensed S02 at-15°C in one portion and the reslting mixture was immediately poured in to a flask containing Cu powder (200 mg) and CuS04 heptahydrate (11. 12 g, 40 mmol) with stirring. The resulting foamy mixture was stirred at RT for 4 h, diluted with water and extracted with ethyl acetate. The ethyl acetate layer was extracted with 2 N NaOH, the NaOH layer was acidified with 20% sulfuric acid and extracted with ethyl acetate. The ethyl acetate layer was dried over magnesium sulfate and concentrated to give the title compound as a yellow solid (2.9 g).

Methyl 2,5-Dichloro-3- (carboxymethyl)- benzenesulfonate To a solution of Part B compound (1 g) in 5 mL DMF was added potassium carbonate (770 mg) and MeI (795 mg) and

the resulting mixture was stirred at RT for 24 h. The mixture was diluted with water, extracted with ethyl acetate, the organic layer was washed with brine, dried over magnesium sulfate and concentrated in vacuo to afford the title compound as a yellow gummy oil (1 g).

Methyl 2,5-Dichloro-3-formylbenzenesulfonate To a solution of the Part C ester (lg, 3.53 mmol) in 25 mL toluene was added a solution of diisobutylaluminum hydride (DIBAL) in toluene (1.5 M, 5.2 mL, 7.8 mmol) at -78°C and the mixture was stirred at that temperature for 15 minutes. The mixture was allowed to come to-25°C, stirred for 15 min., cooled to-78°C and quenched by adding 5 mL MeOH. The reaction mixture was diluted with EtOAc, washed sequentially with dilute HC1, saturated NaHC03 and brine. The organic layer was dried over magnesium sulfate and concentrated. This compound was oxidized as reported in Example 2, Step C to give the title compound as a thick pale oil (0.9g).

The title compound was prepared employing the Part D intermediate and the procedures set out hereinbefore.

Example 201

2,5-Dichloro-4-fluorobenzyl alcohol A solution of 2,5-dichloro-4-fluorobenzoic acid (4.1 g, 19.6 mmol; prepared as described in the literature: Feit, P. W. et al, J. Med. Chem. 1972, Vol. 15,79-83) in 100 mL THF was treated with 24.5 mL borane methylsulfide complex, in THF (2M, 24.5 mL, 49 mmol) at 0-5°C. The mixture was allowed to come to RT, stirred for 14 h at RT and quenched by adding saturated NaHC03 and 10 mL MeOH.

The mixture was extracted with ethyl acetate, the organic layer was washed sequentially with 10% HC1 and saturated NaHC03 solutions, dried over magnesium sulfate and concentrated to give 3.65 g of the title compound as a white solid.

2,5-Dichloro-4-fluorobenzaldehyde To a solution of oxalyl chloride (1.72 mL, 19.74 mmol) in 20 mL methylene chloride at-78°C was added a solution DMSO (2.8 mL, 39.5 mL) in 3 mL methylene chloride.

The mixture was stirred for 5 minutes at-78°C followed by the addition of a solution of Part A 2,5-dichloro-4- fluorobenzyl alcohol (3.5 g, 17.95 mmol) from above in 15 mL methylene chloride. The mixture was stirred at-40°C for 15 min., cooled to-78°C followed by the addition of triethylamine (8.26 mL, 59.2 mmol). The mixture was allowed to come to RT, washed sequentially with 10% HC1,

saturated sodium bicarbonate solution and water. The organic layer was dried over magnesium sulfate and concentrated to afford the title compound 3.39 g as a white solid.

The title compound was prepared employing the Part B intermediate and the procedures set out hereinbefore.

Example 202 trans-Ethyl-(2-chloro)-a-methvlcinnamate A solution of 2-chlorobenzaldehyde (1.29 g, 9.2 mmol) and (carbethoxyethylidene)-triphenylphosphorane (5.0 g, 13.8 mmol) in dichloromethane (40mL) was heated while stirring at 40°C for 18 hours. After the reaction solution cooled down to RT, the solution was concentrated in vacuo to remove solvent. The resulting off-white solid was subjected to flash chromatography (silica gel, 7: 3 hexane: ethyl acetate) to afford the title compound (1.88 g, 8.34 mmol, 91% yield) as a clear heavy oil.

The title compound was prepared employing the Part A intermediate and the procedures set out hereinbefore ( (M+H) +=252).

Example 203

Example 204

2- (3-Bromo-5-chlorophenyl)-1,3-dioxalane To a solution of 3-bromo-5-chlorobenzaldehyde (prepared using the methodology described in patent WO 9708145,970306, by Ruminski, Peter et al; 1.91 g, 8.7 mmol) in toluene (150mL) was. added ethylene glycol (2.91 mL, 52 mmol) and p-toluene sulfonic acid monohydrate (50mg, 0.26mmol). The reaction flask was attached to a Dean-Stark trap to remove water. After refluxing for 18 hours, the reaction mixture was washed with saturated NaHC03 solution (2x). The organic layer was dried over MgS04, filtered, and concentrated in vacuo to remove solvent and the resulting oil was subjected to flash chromatography (silica gel, 9: 1 hexane: ethyl acetate) to afford the title compound (1.95g, 7.4 mmol, 85% yield) as a light yellow oil.

2- (3-Chloro- [5- (lH-pyrazol-1-yl)] phenyl)-1,3- dioxalane A solution of pyrazole (258 mg, 3.79mmol) in DMF (5mL) was added dropwise at RT to a solution of NaH (lOOmg, 4.17mmol) in DMF (lOmL) while stirring. After stirring for an additional 5 min, a solution of Part A 2- (3-bromo-5- chlorophenyl)-1,3-dioxalane (1g, 3.79 mmol) in DMF (lOmL) and CuI (145mg, 0.76 mmol) were added to the reaction solution. The reaction mixture was heated to 150°C for 7 h. Cooled to RT, the reaction mixture was diluted with dichloromethane and washed with water. The layers were separated and the water layer was backwashed with fresh dichloromethane (2x). All the organic layers were combined, dried over anhydrous MgS04, filtered and the solvent was removed in vacuo affording an oil. Flash chromatography (silica gel, 8: 2 hexane: ethyl acetate) was used to isolate the title compound as an off-white solid (618mg, 2.47 mmol, 65% yield).

3-Chloro-5-(lH-pyrazol-1-vl)(lH-pyrazol-1-vl) benzaldehyde Part B 2- (3-chloro- [5- (lH-pyrazol-1-yl)] phenyl)-1,2- dioxalane (669mg, 2.67 mmol) was stirred at room temperature for 2h. in 1N HC1 (30mL) and dioxane (4mL).

The reaction mixture was neutralized with saturated NaHC03

solution and extracted with ethyl acetate (3x). All the organic layers were combined and dried over anhydrous MgS04, filtered and the solvent was removed in vacuo affording the title compound as an off-white solid (552 mg, 2.67 mmol, 100% yield).-.

The title D and E compounds were prepared employing the Part C intermediate and the procedures set out hereinbefore.

Example 205 Ethyl 2,3-cis-diphenylcvclopropane carboxvlate A solution of tris (4-bromophenyl) aminium hexachloroantimonate (245 mg) in dichloromethane (10 mL)

was cooled in an ice bath and purged with nitrogen for lh.

To this was added a solution of cis-stilbene (180 mg) and ethyl diazoacetate (1.14 g) in dichloromethane (lOmL).

Recation mixture was stirred overnight and allowed to warm to ambient temperature. reaction was quenched with saturated potassium carbonate solution in methanol (5mL), diluted with water and extracted with ethyl acetate.

Organic layer was separated, dried over magnesium sulfate and concentrated to give crude title compound (0.1 g) which was used without purification.

The title compound was prepared emlopying the Part A intermediate and the procedures set out hereinbefore.

Example 206

2,3-Dihvdrobenzofuran-7-carboxaldehvde A solution of 2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-7-carboxylic acid (l. Og, 6.09 mmol, 1.0 equiv.), dimethylmethoxyamine hydrochloride (654 mg, 6.7 mmol, 1.1 equiv.), diisopropylethylamine (DIEA) (2.35 ml, 13.4 mmol, 2.2 equiv.), benzotriazole-1-yl-oxy-tris-pyrrolidino-

phosphonium hexafluorophosphate (PyBOP) (3.48g, 6.7 mmol, l. lequiv.) and 4-dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP) (74 mg, 0.67 mmol,. 1 equiv.) in anhydrous THF (20 ml) was stirred for 18hr under argon. The reaction mixture was then diluted with EtOAc (100 ml) and washed with aqueous sat. NaHC03 (2x150 ml) and aqueous IN HC1 (2 x 150 ml), the oragnic layer was dried over MgS04, filtered and solvent removed. yield : 1.06 mg, 84 %. LS-MS calcd 207, found 208.

To a solution of the amide (950 mg, 4.59 mmol, 1.0 equiv.) in anhydrous THF (20 ml) was cooled to-5C under argon, was slowly added 1.0 M LAH in THF (9.1 ml, 9.14 mmol, 1.5 equiv.), the reaction mixture was stirred for 1 hr at-5C. A solution of aqueous 1 N HC1 (150 ml) was slowly added to the reaction mixture, and extracted with EtOAc (50 ml). The organic layer was washed with aqueous 1 N HC1 (150 ml), the organic layer was collected and dried over MgS04, filter and solvent removed under reduced pressure to yield the aldhyde. Yield: 620 mg, 91%. LR-MS calcd 148, found 149.

The Part A intermediate was used in preparing the title compound employing the procedures set out hereinbefore.

Examples 207 to 257 The following compounds were prepared from the corresponding aldehydes, acids or esters using the procedures described above. Example No. Structure Characterization (MS) 207 0 nu2 ' N1 208 o NH2 (M+H) 232 H Ti T 1-1 209 D NH2 (M+H) + 232 Hz chiral 210 D NH2 (M+H) + 232 N 210. ° NH2 (M+H) +232 -NNH I H chiral 211 o NH2 (M+H) + 272 Nui NH H cl CI 212 Ct N vNH ff'NH H Cl 213 CI O NH2 (M+H) + 272 NU NU H H 214 0 NH2 (M+H) + 252 N rH H cri 215 c1 A ff NH2 (M+H) + 252 N nu H 2 1 6 t NA NH (M+H) + 272 NH I H ci CI 217 C O NH2 (M+H) + 272 f'NH I/H ci chiral enantiomer A 218? (M+H) 272 N---NH (/H chiral enantiomer B 219 0 NH2 (M+H) + 218 N-- NH CL3 H I/CH3 H 220 ci? NH2 (M+H) + 272 U-- NH H CUL 221 H3 NA NH (M+H) 218 N---NH H 222 F NH (M+H) 301 NHz H Br 223 F AH (M+H) 240 _ NH2 / 224 Fz NA NH (M+H) + 240 N---NH H F 225 o NH (M+H) + 260 N--NH2 H / H3C CH3 226 0 H NH (M+H) + 328 A NHz CH3 r-cri B CH3 227 ¢ o r, rvH (M+H) + 340 NH2 nu2 °Yr Hs. O \ 228 p (M+H) + 375 NU2 VoX ci o-0 229 0., B_NH (M+HY375 NH2 w (I, ° + O_ N. O 230 p'NH (M+H) + 375 NH2 NH2 c ni 0 0 231 O N NH (M+H) + 294 H 2 H3C-, 0 0 H3 232 p N/NH (M+H) + 272 nu2 NU2 CRI 233 H (M+H) + 264 O NU NI 0 nu2 Nu2 O H3C' 234 H (M+H) + 238 ce NH2 235 ° NH (M+H) + 260 0H Cl3 I H /cl3 "Y'Y'T'NNH O NH2 (M+H) + 252 236 O ff'NH H C/CH3 237 NHZ (M+H) + 314 N'NH CH 3 F H3 H 238 cE N kNH NH N' H CL3 239 ci O NHZ (M+H) + 286 N---NH \3 240 0 NH2 (M+H) + 252 NH t ' H I/CH3 H N N N NH i ce 242 NHZ I J H 242? (M+H) + 232 N'NU H 243 0 NH2 (M+H) + 350 MeO2S cul ci (M+H) + 290 CI N NHZ / F CI 245 NH (M+H) + 252 NH cl3 246 l 0 NH2 (M+H) + 318 H ni Il I cl N NH (M+H) + 304 H ni I cl 248 0 (M+H) + 344 NH2 NH2 249 N NH2 (M+H) 332 tu il I/O NH 250 H H2 (M+H) + 332 nu N 251' (M+H) + 394 i H N > Ny NH2 II O/O NH 253 X o NH (M+H) + 394 / . 111 NH , nl NH NEZ H NH2 253 (M+H) + 394 -'NH N'-NH2 , H 254,-o ff f"2 (M+H) +248 INNHz I/ 255 0 i ? F2 (M+H) +246 N NH2 INNH2 256-N 0 NH (M+H) + 246 I H H I u 257 cl NH ; (M+H) 266 Nu2 N NU2 Example 258 <BR> <BR> (S)-N- (Aminoiminomethyl)-1- (3-chloro-4-nitrophenyl)-2- pvrrolidinecarboxamide

A. (S)-l- (3-Chloro-4-nitrophenyl)-2- pvrrolidinecarboxvlic acid 1,1-dimethvlethvl ester

To a solution of L-proline tert-butyl ester (1.06 g, 7.5 mmol) in dry DMSO (10 ml) were

added 3-chloro-4-nitrofluorobenzene (1.48 g, 8.4 mmol) and diisopropylethylamine (2.60 mL, 15 mmol). The resulting solution was heated at 110°C in a sealed tube for 48 hours.

The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature and partitioned between brine and ethyl acetate. The aqueous layer was extracted with ethyl acetate. The combined organic extracts were washed with water, dried over sodium sulfate, and concentrated in vacuo. Purification of the crude residue on silica gel (7: 3/EtOAc-hexanes) provided 1.98 g (90%) of a pale yellow solid. <BR> <BR> <P>1H NMR (CD30D): d 8.13 (1H, d, J=2.7 Hz), 8.02 (1H, dd,<BR> J=9.3 Hz, 2.7 Hz), 6.92 (1H, d, J=9.3 Hz), 5.01 (1H, dd, J=9.2 Hz, 3.9 Hz), 3.35 (1H, m), 3.30 (1H, m), 2.31 (1H, m), 2.07 (1H, m), 2.02 (2H, m), 1.38 (9H, s).

B. (S)-1- (3-Chloro-4-nitrophenyl)-2- pyrrolidinecarboxvlic acid

The Part A compound (0.44 g, 1.5 mmol) was dissolved in 1: 1 CH2Cl2-trifluoroacetic acid (5 mL). The resulting solution was stirred at room temperature for 12 hours. The reaction mixture was concentrated in vacuo and azeotroped with toluene to afford 350 mg of the title compound as a brown solid.

1H NMR (CD30D): d 8.26 (lH, d, J=2. 7 Hz), 8.17 (1H, dd, J=9.3 Hz, 2.7 Hz), 7.19 (1H, d, J=9.3 Hz), 5.20 (lH, dd, J=9.2 Hz, 3.9 Hz), 3.94 (1H, m), 3.77 (1H, m), 2.64 (1H, m), 2.27 (1H, m), 2.19 (3H, m).

C. (S)-N- (Aminoiminomethyl)-1- (3-chloro-4- nitrophenvl)-2-pyrrolidinecarboxamide To a solution of Part B compound (0.36 mg, 1.5 mmol) in dry DMF (5 mL) at room temperature was added 1,1'- carbonyldiimidazole (0.29 g, 1.8 mmol). The resulting solution was stirred at room temperature for 2 hours, then cooled to 0°C. To the reaction mixture was added solid guanidine (0.44 g, 7.5 mmol). The resulting solution was warmed to room temperature and stirred for 12 hours. The

reaction mixture was partitioned between water and ethyl acetate. The aqueous layer was extracted with ethyl acetate. The combined organics were washed with brine, dried over sodium sulfate, and concentrated in vacuo.

Purification of the crude residue by preparative HPLC (C18 column/10: 90: 0.1 to 90: 10: 1 MeOH-water-TFA gradient) provided the desired product (110 mg, 27%) as white solid.

1H NMR (CD30D): d 8.28 (1H, d, J=2. 7 Hz), 8.19 (1H, dd, J=9.3 Hz, 2.7 Hz), 7.22 (1H, d, J=9.3 Hz), 5.31 (1H, dd, J=9.2 Hz, 3.9 Hz), 3.97 (1H, m), 3.79 (1H, m), 2.65 (1H, m), 2.30 (1H, m), 2.21 (2H, m). LRMS (M+H)+=312.

Examples 259 to 282 The following compounds (Examples 259 to 282) were prepared employing a procedure similar to that as set out in Example 258.

Example No. Structure Characterization (MS) 259 S j (M+H) +343 N su NH o O Br 260 Ll l (M+H) +339 \ N nif H2 II N H2M., Kky T T NH O 261 N/jq-0 (M+H) +382 o' ' 0I's N H2 II N H I) HzK-Ny T T NH o 262 \N/N-o (M+H) +382 o.. i I N s N ~ruz H H2 N \., NU O Q-fV"' (M+H)'420 0NU 263 F- FEZ FHN 6 w 264 0yNH (M+H) + 454 O NH Y F F HN,/0 F HN"O x G 265 X Y (M+H) 454 0NU F FHAN a 266 9 oh (M+H) + 488 , F+r F HN, 0 F iW'O Cl C 267 t NH (M+H) 343 O NU F Hein 0 Hz 268 ANNH2 (M+H) 311 O NU F HC F ; ; 2uO NH (M+H) + 311 zoo HIC 270 t NHE, (M+H) 328 O nu 0NU PO F F y (M+H) 4 8 8 O OH xi C3 CI a _a 272 O-yy (M+I 386 Y Il FF HN0 F F F HNO Y HCCH 273 H (M+H) + 278 Ny NH 2 O O_. N/O NH \-"Y (M+H) >326 FNNyNH2 NU N 275 H NNyNH2 (M+H) + 311 N II II O NU F F F F HAN 276 9 NH (M+H) + 392 LU. O NU F F ; HN, 0 F HN S ° CH, 0 (M+H) + 454 F F F IN_ a Chiral . 7p CIIKe 278""",NH, (M+H) 312 Ny O NH Ci O_. nô Chiral 279 1 () ( (M+H) 346 O NH / FI F F OO 0 0 Chiral 280-. ¢NNH2 (M+H) 339 Nu 10 NH Bry Br 0 (\ Chinl l 281 | C zfM fN M+H) 343 O nu 0 NH PO 5 j 282 Ft Y (M+H) 346 0 NU O nu F \ O_. NO Example 283

A mixture of ethyl 4-bromocinnamate (0.5 g, 2 mmol), sarcosine (0.19 g, 2.2 mmol), and paraformaldehyde (0.19 g, 6.4 mmol) in benzene (50 mL) was stirred for 10 hr at reflux with continuous removal of water. The mixture was cooled to ambient temperature and concentrated. The residue was chromatographed on silica gel (ethyl acetate) to give the desired product (0.21 g).

To a solution of Part A compound (0.15g, 0.5 mmol) in DMF (10 mL) was added guanidine (0.14g, 2.4 mmol) at ambient temperature. The resulting solution was stirred at ambient temperature for 18 hr and diluted with ethyl

acetate and washed with brine. The organic layer was dried (MgS04) and concentrated. The residue was purified by reverse phase preparative HPLC to give title compound as a white powder. (M+H) = 326.

Examples 284 to 315 The following compounds were prepared employing a procedure analogous to that as set out in Example 283. Examples Structure Characterization MS (M+H) + 326 N 284 f] H I \ i/N//NHz C HN (M+H) + 281 N 285 F 1 cl cl H "HO HAN (M+H) + 265 N 286 r i -N Nu, /O F HN (M+H)+ 344 N 287 (M+H)r i NHZ F HN " 0 W F"'HN (M+H) + 275 N 288 F I W"r\ rN NH2 un (M+H) + 281 N 289 I \.//N/l NHz o cl HN N (M+H) + 281 N 290 F I H I \..N//NHZ _.. _ CI UN (M+H) + 351 291 l H NINH2 NU 292 (M+H) + 289 292" H NH, NH 293 (M+H) +386 OYNII I /\N\/ oNH (MtH)'352 T 294 OYNII N arr p (M+H) +387 295 OqzNH N a p nu (M+H) + 337 N 296 Y ONT nu ¢;) (M+H) 372 297 °Y N XJ oX NN (M+H) + 261 N 298 H NH I/, ;, O r (M+H) + ?-61 N | 299 9 4 < < 0NH, (M+H) + 261 300 H N nu N/NH 0 O HZ (M+H) + 283 N 301 F H NH, I/O NH 0NU (M+H) + 392 302 _ il Cl G \ i (M+H) + 359 r- NHi 303¢HY 0NU F F (M+H) + 316 N 304 C."N NFi2 Cl ci CI (M+H) + 378 305 N cl yNH2 lU 0 NH a (M+H) + 344 306 N i N NHE Cl HN CUL Ç (M+H) +406 T H S F HN Br \ i (M+H) +420 308, N F"eo HN, HN Br (M+H) + 391 309 KNB d., ¢Nm NHa /O NN F NH (M+H) + 377 310 pu NH, NH F F F (M+H) +409 311" nu fi F fut F F (M+H) + 395 v 312X N NH /O NH F LOF (M+H) + 362 313 N. /O NH a "sy o NH Cl 314 p (M+H) + 376 ruz N NyNH, nu cl CI I (M+H) + 300 Cl 3 1 S',,,, N'NHZ f, r cri CI Example 316

2-Fluoro-4-bromo-N-phenylproline To a solution of DL-proline (576 mg, 5 mmol) in 10/1 DMF-H20 (7.5 ml) at RT were added CuI (48 mg, 0.25 mmol), Pd (PPh3) 4 (290 mg, 0.25 mmol), K2CO3 (690 mg, 5 mmol), NEt3 (1.4 ml, 10 mmol), triethylammonium bromide (158 mg, 0.75 mmol), and 1,4-dibromo-2-fluorobenzene. The resulting mixture was stirred in a sealed tube at 120°C for 48 hours.

The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature and poured onto saturated K2CO3/Et20. The aqueous layer was extracted 3X with Et2O. The pH of the aqueous layer was adjusted to 4 and extracted 3X with EtOAc. The combined organics were washed with brine, dried over MgS04, and concentrated in vacuo to produce title compound which was used without further purification: LCMS (M+l) = 287.

2-Fluoro-4-bromo-N-phenylproline acvlguanidine To a solution of Part A 2-fluoro-4-bromo-N-phenyl proline (215 mg, 0.75 mmol) in DMF (2.5 ml) at 25°C was added carbonyldiimidazole (147 mg, 0.9 mmol). The resulting solution was stirred 1 hour at 25°C. To the reaction mixture was added guanidine carbonate (300 mg, 1.5 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred overnight at 25°C.

The reaction mixture was poured onto H20/EtOAc. The aqueous layer was extracted 3X with EtOAc. The combined organics were washed 2X with brine, dried over Na2SO4, and concentrated in vacuo. Preparative HPLC provided 37 mg (15% over two steps) of a white solid: LCMS (M+) = 329.

Examples 317 to 347 The following compounds were prepared employing a procedure analogous to that as set out in Example 316. Example No. Structure Characterization (MS) 317 "NYNH2 (M+H) + 380 VNH, F3cJ$r0 NH2 F3 Bu 318 H (M+H)'405 - O 0 NH \/ a F F -NyNH, (M+H) 355 N NH2 F/O NH 0NU 320 NH (M+H) 454 N-r NH J 0 NH Cri \ Cl CI CI 321 (M+H) + 454 II , Nu 0NU Cl CI CI 322 3.., NH NH (M+H) 311 O NU 0 NH F OUF F F 323 (M+H) + 311 /NHZ O NU Bu 324 H (M+H) + 267 'NHZ A0 N" ci Cl Nu 'NHZ Tuf tu /O NH C \ I CI 326/ NYNH2 (M+H) +278 vil , O NH2 02N 327/ \\ N n CI O NH2 CL Cl 328/-\ (M+H) + 285 N , O NH2 Cul 329 329 (M+H) + 390 N N NH2 fl B 0 NHz Br 330 (M+H) + 318 N N NH2 A0 NH2 / F F F 331 (M+H) + 389 "N-SrV2 N 1 0 NHz Br) 3r I Br Br 332 (M+H) + 267 kNXNqzNH2 Clt O NH2 333 (M+H) + 301 RNXNqzNH2 Cl) O NH2 I CL 334 (M+H) + 269 N NY NH2 p O NHZ F 335 (M+H) + 329 N NY NH2 F-sJ ° 2 F NH2 on 336 336 (M+H) + 269 0 F/NYNH2 I NHZ F F 337 (M+H) + 233 N\ lNH2 b NH2 338 (M+H) + 247 N-y'Y2 r H3C ° NH2 i 3 9- 0nu2 HIC /O NHZ H3C 340/l- (M+H) + 247 0NH, N /O NHZ CHa 341 YNH2 (M+H) + 263 ß O NH2 H3c 10 HO 342 (M+H) + 269 H3C (3 ° NH2 /O NHZ F F F F F (M+H) + 301 343 ici cl 0 NH2 CI ci (M+H) + 275 N I I Y NH2 /, O NH2 345 345 (M+H) + 301 'NHZ Sow NU2 O 9 XI 0 NH2 F 346-- 346 (M+H) + 249 I I 0 NH2 HO (M+H) + 301 N NH2 t 0 NHz J FA Nu2 F F Example 348 A. 0 oH N t

To a solution of 2,3-dimethylbenzoic acid (113 mg, 0.75 mmol) in DMF (1 ml) at 25°C was added PyBoP (367 mg, 0.83 mmol). The reaction mixture was shaken at 25°C for 20 minutes. To the reaction mixture was added resin-supported DL-proline ester (0.6mmol/g, 416 mg, 0.25 mmol). The resulting mixture was shaken overnight at 25°C. The resin was washed 3X each with CH2C12, MeOH, and DMF. Following a final wash with CH2C12, the resin was allowed to dry under vacuum. The resulting title compound was used without further purification.

To a suspension of Part A compound (0.25 mmol) in DMF (2.5 ml) at 25°C was added guanidine (44 mg, 0.75 mmol). The reaction mixture was shaken overnight at 25°C.

The resin beads were washed with CH2C12 (25 ml). The crude reaction mixture was filtered through a diatomaceous earth cartridge, eluting with CH2C12 (25 ml). The solvents were removed in vacuo. Purification of the crude residue via preparative HPLC (as described in Example 258 Step C) yielded 32 mg (44% over two steps) of a white solid: LCMS (M+) = 288.

Examples 349 to 360 The following compounds were prepared employing a procedure analogous to that set out in Example 348. Example No. Structure Characterization (MS) 349 H (M+H) + 261 NH2 0 nu O NU 350 H (M+H) + 353 N ho PO 0 NH PO 351/H (M+H) + 289 NH2 0 nu O O NH 352 H (M+H) + 289 NH II 0 NH s0 353 H N Ny NH2 0 NH s0 354 (; 4 H (M+H) 295 N Ny NH2 N j e NH O 355 H (M+H) + 295 N NyNH2 ci 0 NH 356 H (M+H) + 325 0 N NH2 0 NH po ci CI 357 H (M+H) + 311 CAo O NH 358 A H (M+H) + 291 N NH2 y 0 NH oH O 359/< H (M+H) + 311 n 9 NX Nmr NH2NHE Il 0 NH PO liez 360/\ H (M+H) +286 N O NH Example 361

A solution of DL-Proline-OMe hydrochloride (100 mg, 0.6 mmol, 1.0 equiv.), TEA (253 µl, 1.81 mmol, 3.0 equiv.), and p-chloro-benzyl bromide (123mg. 0.6 mmol, 1.0 equiv.) in dichloroethane (5 ml) was heated to 80°C for 20 min, then RT for 3 hr. The solvent was removed under reduced pressure to give title compound which was used without purfication in the next step.

The crude Part A product mixture from G was redissolved in DMF (5 ml) and guanidine free base (lOOmg, excess) was added, and the reaction mixture was stirred for 18 hr. The solvent was removed under high vacuum and the crude product was purified by Prep-HPLC (as described in Example 258 Step C) to give the title acyl guanidine.

Yield : 151 mg, 50%. LR-MS calcd 280, found (M+H) + 281.

Examples 362 to 372 The following compounds were prepared employing a procedure analogous to that set out in Example 361. Example No. Structure Characterization (MS) 362 O NHZ (M+H) + 247 N zon 1 363 > Y (M+H) 281 'N \\ NHZ ci 3lYt NNH281 CN NH2 'N \O NH2 Cl 365 N-_- (NH, j","NH' 'fJ \1'NH2 O FIaCO/ 366-NHz- (M+H) + 279 N 'N \O NHZ ? 3 CH3 367 C NH2 (M+H) 318 N 0 NH, N \\ NHZ O CIceci 368 368 (M+I) + 323 N0 NH2 O 9-0, 0 NH2 369 NNH (M+H) + 318 'N \\ NFIz O a ci Cl N NH2 (M+H) + 318 NN\ NHz Cl Cl 37INHZ (M+H) + 318 0 nu2 -N \\ NHZ O CI cl-dcl 372 NH, (M+H) + 323 CN < N \\ NHZ O