Subject of the invention is a mechanism of the shift from rotation to sliding, and from sliding to rotation, for compressors, pumps and internal combustion engines, as well as a set of such mechanisms.

There are known mechanisms: piston and connecting rod, rotary, Wankel engine, internal combustion engine with a rotating piston as per application No. P.159750 (temporary patent No. 78893).

The invented mechanism features low weight in relation to productivity and the availability of high rotation speed, since there are only relatively small variable centrifugal accelerations.

The invented mechanism with rotating pistons consists of a body with a wear-resistant ring, in which rotates a sleeve with cylinders. Pistons set in cylinders move while sleeve rotates, and provide suction and compression of the agent. The sleeve with cylinders is set in the body in bearings. The pistons are preferably mounted to a cross-piece. The cross-piece is connected by a stone to a pin which is fixed eccentrically relative to the axis of rotation of the sleeve with cylinders. Owing to the pin's eccentric position relative to the axis of rotation of the sleeve with cylinders the pistons move. The stone can make swinging displacement and move in the cross-piece perpendicular to the axis of pistons, and can rotate on the pin. The cylinders are sealed to the ring by means of rings. It is the version for compressors.

There is also a second version of the mechanism designed for compressors for explosive agents (butane, propane, natural gas). In this version, the lubricating oil which is not in contact with the conveyed agent, part of the cross-piece, stone, and pin are placed in an airtight chamber made in the sleeve. The chamber has sleeves and seals, ensuring displacement of cross-piece while maintaining tightness of chamber. Sealing of pistons in the cylinders and of cylinders with the ring in the body is of the labyrinth-slot type for explosive agents.

The another application of the mechanism is an internal combustion engine, for which besides the solution described above, another sleeve is added with suction and outlet openings. This additional sleeve rotates at the half speed of sleeve with cylinders, and the change of rotation is _^ controlled by a planetary gear, which provides: suction, compression, power and outlet for internal combustion engine. To counterbalance the centrifugal force acting on the sucked agents, a fan and a suction duct are provided. For engine, the fan can be replaced with a turbo- compressor. The additional sleeve has suction openings and outlet openings, and an ignition opening, and the axes of suction openings and outlet openings are aligned with, respectively, the axes of suction duct and outlet duct and the axis of ignition plug, wherein the suction openings and outlet openings and the ignition opening are sealed to the ring. The sleeve with cylinders and the gears constitute flywheels.

The mechanism's vibration is balanced by a system, which is combination of two mechanisms, each of which is a mirror image of the other, and is rotated by 180 degrees relative thereto. The mechanisms' rotation is synchiOnized by means of gears wheels having the same number of teeth and mounted on their axes.

The beneficial effects of the invention are components' low acceleration when rotated, and thus a low force of inertia. This allows for higher rotations and lighter components. The mechanism's performance to weight ratio is advantageous.

The invention is presented in exemplary implementations in drawings, where individual figures show:

- fig. 1 - longitudinal section of the mechanism, version for compressor;

- fig. 2 - cross-section of the mechanism, version for compressor;

- fig. 3 - cross-section of the mechanism, version for explosive agents compressor;

- fig. 4 - longitudinal section of the mechanism, version for internal combustion engine;

- fig. 5 - cross-section of the mechanism, version for internal combustion engine;

- fig. 6 - cylinder sealing rings;

- fig. 7 - sealing of inlet and outlet openings in additional sleeve (version for internal combustion engine) to ring;

- fig. 8— set of two mechanisms;

- fig. 9 - longitudinal section of the mechanism, version for internal combustion engine with four pistons, which pairs are staggered by an angle of 90 degrees;

- fig. 10 - sealing of the mechanism's cylinders, version for explosive agent compressor. Example 1 :

The mechanism is composed of body (1) and lid (17). The fixed abrasion resistant ring (2) is pressed into the body (1). In the body (1) with ring (2) rotates sleeve (3) with cylinders (4), set on bearings (8) and (9). In cylinders (4) there are pistons (5) connected with cross-piece (6), which rotate together with sleeve (3) and cylinders (4). Cross-piece (6) is connected to fixed pin (7) by stone (11) which can make swinging displacement in cross-piece (6) and rotate on pin (7).

While turning to the right, piston (5) moves from its upper position in cylinder (4) to the lower position, sucking the agent through suction duct (12) to which the agent is blown by fan (10) to overcome the centrifugal force. At the same time piston (5) from the lower position compresses the agent and presses it into port (13) through plate valve (16). Cylinder (4) is sealed to ring (2) by rings (14), and ring (23) scrapes oil. The eccentric location of pin (7) relative to the axis of rotation of sleeve (3) moves pistons (5). The shift (stroke) of pistons equals to twice the distance of the axis of pin (7) from the rotation axis of sleeve (3). Sleeve (3) is driven by shaft (36).

Example 2:

In the mechanism's version for compressors of explosive agents, e.g. butane, propane, natural gas, in the mechanism as described in the above Example 1, sleeve (3) is additionally provided with airtight oil chamber (17) with sleeves (18) and seals (19). In this version for compressors, pistons (5) and cylinders (4) are sealed by a labyrinth-slot type of sealing.

Example 3 :

In the mechanism's version for internal combustion engines, to the basic mechanism as described in the above Example 1 shown is added sleeve (20) set on bearings (37) and (38). This additional sleeve (20) rotates at half the speed of sleeve (3) by using planetary gear (31). The body (1) in this version has suction duct (26) with fuel injector (25) and outlet duct (27) ended with port (13), and in the upper part of the body (1) has spark plug (32). Whereas a diesel engine has no fuel injector (25), and spark plug (32) is replaced with oil injector. Sleeve (20) for each piston has suction openings (34) in the axis of suction duct (26) and outlet openings (35) in the axis of outlet duct (27) and opening (33) allowing the spark passage from spark plug (32) to fuel mixture, and in a diesel engine the oil injection to compressed air. Cylinders (4) are sealed to sleeve (20) by rings (14), excess oil is removed from sleeve (20) by rings (23), and inlet openings (34) and outlet openings (35) are sealed to ring (2) by rings (15). Air inflows to fan (10) through openings (28), refrigerant flows through the shaft (36), passes through ducts (22) and exits through lid (17).

Example 4:

The vibration of a set of the mechanisms, according to the invention, is balanced by combination of two mechanisms, each of which is a mirror image of the other and is rotated by 180 degrees relative thereto. The mechanisms' rotations are synchronized by means of gear wheels (39) with the same number of teeth. Rotating sleeves (3) with cylinders (4) and gear wheels (39) also serve as flywheels.