JPS60204753 | PREPARATION OF ARYL-SUBSTITUTED MALONITRILE |
WO/1989/005806 | NOVEL ANTIARRHYTHMIC AGENTS III |
WO/1992/013834 | PREPARATION OF TRISUBSTITUTED BENZOIC ACIDS AND INTERMEDIATES |
DYBALLA CLAUDIA (DE)
EP2133328A2 | 2009-12-16 | |||
EP2186798A1 | 2010-05-19 | |||
EP0780370A2 | 1997-06-25 | |||
DE2421167A1 | 1975-11-20 | |||
EP0839804A2 | 1998-05-06 | |||
EP1760074A1 | 2007-03-07 | |||
EP2133328A2 | 2009-12-16 | |||
EP2186798A1 | 2010-05-19 | |||
EP2133328A2 | 2009-12-16 | |||
EP2186797A1 | 2010-05-19 | |||
EP2133329A2 | 2009-12-16 | |||
EP2133329A2 | 2009-12-16 | |||
EP1840119A2 | 2007-10-03 |
Claims: 1. Process for obtaining mixtures containing methionine and potassium hydrogencarbonate from aqueous solutions or suspensions containing titratable potassium in the form of potassium hydrogencarbonate and/or potassium carbonate, methionine and 4.5-12.0% by weight of methionyl-methionine, characterized in that it comprises supplying the employed solutions or suspensions with CO2 (carbonating) at a temperature of 15- 60°C to precipitate a mixture containing methionine and potassium hydrogencarbonate as precipitate which contains on average not more than 6.5% by weight of met-met and separating said precipitate from the mother liquor. 2. Process for obtaining mixtures containing methionine and potassium hydrogencarbonate from aqueous solutions or suspensions containing methionine, potassium hydrogencarbonate and methionyl-methionine according to Claim 1, characterized in that it comprises bringing the employed solutions or suspensions, optionally by concentration, to a content of 6.0-18.0% by weight of titratable potassium in the form of potassium hydrogencarbonate and/or potassium carbonate, 2.5-8.0% by weight of methionine, 4.5-12.0% by weight of methionyl-methionine and supplying CO2 at a temperature of 15-60°C to precipitate a mixture containing methionine and potassium hydrogencarbonate as precipitate which contains on average not more than 6.5% by weight of met-met and separating said precipitate from the mother liquor. 3. Process for obtaining mixtures containing methionine and potassium hydrogencarbonate from aqueous solutions or suspensions containing methionine, potassium hydrogencarbonate and methionyl-methionine according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it comprises bringing the employed solutions or suspensions to a content, optionally by concentration, of 6.0-18.0% by weight of titratable potassium in the form of potassium hydrogencarbonate and/or potassium carbonate, 2.5-8.0% by weight of methionine, 4.5-12.0% by weight of methionyl-methionine and supplying CO2 (carbonation) at a temperature of 15-60°C until a pH of 7.8 to 9.5 is achieved, measured with a glass electrode at the established temperature, to precipitate a mixture containing methionine and potassium hydrogencarbonate as precipitate which contains on average not more than 6.5% by weight of met-met and separating said precipitate from the mother liquor. 4. Process according to any of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that it comprises supplying CO2 at a temperature of 25-55°C until a pH of 8.3 to 9.5 is achieved to precipitate a mixture containing methionine and potassium hydrogencarbonate as precipitate which contains on average not more than 0.01% to 5.0% by weight of met-met and separating said precipitate from the mother liquor. 5. Process according to any of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that it comprises supplying CO2 at a temperature of 25-55°C until a pH of 8.4 to 9.5 is achieved to precipitate a mixture containing methionine and potassium hydrogencarbonate as precipitate which contains on average not more than 0.01% to 3.0% by weight of met-met and separating said precipitate from the mother liquor. 6. Process according to any of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that it comprises supplying CO2 until a pH of 8.4 to 9.0 is achieved. 7. Process according to any of Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the pressure during the CO2 supplying is in the range 1 – 6 bara. 8. Process according to any of Claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the residence time in the the CO2 supplying is between 20 and 180 minutes. 9. Process according to any of Claims 1 to 8, characterized in that as aqueous solutions or suspensions containing methionine, potassium hydrogencarbonate and methionyl- methionine a mother liquor from the isolation of methionine in the process for producing methionine via alkaline methionine hydantoin saponification is employed. 10. Process according to Claim 9, characterized in that the mother liquor is the mother liquor from the filtration after repeated carbonation. 11. Mixture containing methionine and potassium hydrogencarbonate produced according to any of Claims 1 to 10. 12. Mixture according to Claim 11 containing methionine, potassium hydrogencarbonate and met-met, wherein the met-met content is not more than 6.5% by weight. 13. Use of a mixture according to Claim 11 or 12 for producing methionine. 14. Process for producing methionine comprising the following steps (1) to (6): (1) a reaction step comprising hydrolysis of 5-[2-(methylthio)ethyl]imidazolidin-2,4-dione in the presence of a basic potassium compound to afford a hydrolyzate containing potassium methioninate and potassium methionyl methioninate; (2) a first crystallization step comprising introduction of carbon dioxide (1st carbonation) into the hydrolyzate obtained in step (1) to obtain a suspension containing methionine, methionyl-methionine and potassium hydrogencarbonate and to precipitate methionine and separating the suspension into a methionine-containing 1st precipitate and a methionyl-methionine-containing 1st mother liquor; (3) concentrating the 1st mother liquor obtained in step (2) (1st concentration step), (4) recycling a first portion of the concentrated 1st mother liquor from (3) into reaction step (1) (5) a second crystallization step which comprises introduction of carbon dioxide into the second portion of the concentrated 1st mother liquor from (3) (2nd carbonation) to precipitate methionine and potassium hydrogencarbonate and separating the resulting suspension into a 2nd precipitate and a 2nd mother liquor, (6) a third crystallization step which comprises concentrating the 2nd mother liquor obtained in step (3), introducing carbon dioxide into the concentrated 2nd mother liquor to precipitate methionine and potassium hydrogencarbonate and separating the resulting suspension into a 3rd precipitate containing a mixture of methionine and potassium hydrogencarbonate and a methionyl-methionine-containing 3rd mother liquor according to any of Claims 1 to 9, so that the 3rd precipitate contains on average not more than 6.5% by weight of met-met. 15. Process according to Claim 14, characterized in that the 3rd precipitate comprises on average not more than 0.01% to 5.0% by weight of met-met. 16. Process according to Claim 14 or 15, characterized in that it comprises recycling the 3rd precipitate into any of steps (1) to (4). 17. Process according to Claim 14 and 15, characterized in that it comprises combining the 1st mother liquor and the 3rd precipitate and subsequently recycling them into reaction step (1) or concentration step (3). 18. The process according to any of Claims 14 to 16, characterized in that it comprises disposing of the 3rd mother liquor or supplying it to a further isolation of potassium hydrogencarbonate and/or methionine. |
Examples Methods used 1. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) Chromatographic investigations (methionine and met-met) were performed using an HPLC instrument from Jasco on a suitable RP column with subsequent UV detection at 210 nm. The mobile phase was an acetonitrile-water mixture acidified with phosphoric acid.10 µl of the respective sample solution was injected at a flow rate of 1 ml/min. The system was calibrated beforehand by injecting suitable calibration solutions of appropriate reference compounds from the methionine/met-met process, with evaluation by peak area comparison using the external standard method. The procedure of the standard method is known to those skilled in the art. Sampling for determining met-met in the precipitate: One part by volume of the filtered precipitate from the carbonation was collected on a laboratory filter funnel and washed with two-volume equivalents of acetone and suctioned off under reduced pressure in a waterjet vacuum. The remaining proportion of the mother liquor still adhering to precipitate which was slightly soluble in acetone was largely removed. Suction was applied for a further 5 min and the precipitate was then dried to a constant weight in a drying cabinet, thus removing the remaining acetone. Subsequently a suitable proportion of the thus-pretreated precipitate was weighed, dissolved in the HPLC eluent and diluted with further HPLC eluent to a suitable concentration and the thus-obtained sample solution injected into the HPLC instrument as elucidated above. 2. Potassium titration Alkaline potassium salts, such as potassium carbonate, potassium hydrogencarbonate and potassium methioninate are present in almost all process solutions of the methionine process and are here encompassed by the term “titratable potassium”. A titrimetric determination of “titratable potassium” aqueous solution was carried out, in particular in process solutions, as a collective parameter. This is carried out as a potentiometric titration with 0.1 molar HCl against the relevant potassium-containing alkaline aqueous process solutions up to pH 4.6. In the acid/base titration the acid consumption is reported as “titratable potassium”. 1 ml of 0.1 molar HCl corresponds to a weight equivalent of 3.91mg of K + for example according to the reaction with KHCO3: Note: When the term equivalent (eq) is used this is to be understood as meaning mole equivalents (also moleq). 3. Measurement of cake resistance as a measure for the filterability of a suspension The so-called cake resistance was determined according to VDI Guideline VDI 2762 sheet 2, December 2010. Cake resistance is reported in 1/m 2 . The area-based cake resistance αH is reported in 1/m 2 and the mass-based cake resistance αM is reported in m/kg. The two parameters are converted via the density of the dry filtercake (ρs in kg/m³): αH = αM * ρs . The higher the cake resistance value the poorer the filterability. The filterability was also determined empirically by observation and comparison of different filtration tests. The following filterability ratings were awarded: very good - good - acceptable - poor - very poor. Inventive examples were accordingly given the ratings “very good”, “good” or “acceptable”. 4. Production of methionine hydantoin saponification solution substantially according to EP 780370 A2 as a starting solution for the examples Initially, substantially according to EP 780370 A2, example 1 (page 10), a methionine hydantoin solution was produced from MMP, HCN and ammonia and CO2 in the form of ammonium carbonate solution and therefrom, through saponification using an aqueous, titratable potassium, in particular in the form of K2CO3-containing solution substantially according to example 6 of EP 780370 A2, methionine hydantoin saponification solution (hydrolyzate) was produced. This hydrolysate, an alkaline solution containing in particular potassium methioninate and potassium methionyl methioninate, was largely neutralized using CO2 (1st carbonation) analogously to example 7 of EP 780370 A2. The thus-precipitated 1st precipitate containing especially methionine was filtered off from the accompanying 1st mother liquor (1st moli) as described above. The 1st moli was carbonated again (2nd carbonation) and the resulting precipitate filtered from the remaining 2nd moli. The resulting 2nd moli was in examples 1 to 12 subjected to further processing as starting solution 1, 2 and 3 with the composition in each case reported in Tab.1. This respective starting solution (2nd moli) was concentrated to a factor of 1.6 to 1.9 and the thus obtained concentrated 2nd moli was in each case sent to a 3rd carbonation. The thus- formed precipitate was in each case filtered off via a filtration unit and analyzed for titratable potassium K+, methionine and met-met. The filterability was assessed and in some cases also cake resistance determined (cf. table 1). Table 1 provides an overview of the examples with the results of the carbonations and filtrations to elucidate the dependence of the filtration on the met-met concentration in the filtercake. Tab.1: Overview of adjusted parameters and results of examples 1 to 12 Note on table 1: *) The initially experimentally determined filtration resistance based on filtercake area αH [1/m 2 ] was converted to the filtration resistance αM [m/kg] based on the dry cake mass by division by the density of the dry filtercake ρ s [kg/m 3 ] according to the formula: αM [m/kg] = αH [1/m 2 ] / ρs [kg/m 3 ] (see ex.1 and ex.2) using the following experimentally determined values: αH = 1*10 9 *1/m 2 where ρs 720 kg/m 3 in ex.1 and αH = 1*10 10 *1/m 2 where ρs 720 kg/m 3 in ex.2.
Commentary on Table 1 It is apparent from example 1 and 2 in table 1 that the occurrence of met-met in the precipitate can be avoided by increasing the pH to an optimal range. Increasing the temperature in the carbonation step or reducing the concentration factor can also prevent met-met from precipitating and thus improve filterability. However, such a change in these parameters also severely reduces the amount of methionine and potassium in the precipitate. This is the case only to a reduced extent when increasing the pH. Adjustment by pH has therefore surprisingly proven to be a very effective and also simple and cost-effective and thus economically most advantageous solution. A comparison of examples 3-5 elucidates the effects of the pH on the concentrations measured in the filtrate and the precipitate. The met-met concentration in the concentrated 2nd mother liquor was 5.9% by weight. In example 3 this mother liquor was carbonated up to a pH of 8.9 at 30°C. The met-met concentration in the resulting 3rd mother liquor increased to 6.1% by weight. The reason for this is that the components methionine and KHCO3 had partially precipitated since the potassium concentration in the 3rd mother liquor fell from 13.1% by weight to 8.2% by weight and the methionine concentration fell from 4.6% to 3.4%. The precipitation of these components brings about an increase in the met-met concentration, provided that met-met does not likewise precipitate. The precipitate was found to contain only 1.2% by weight of met-met. The concentration measurements in the filtrate and cake show that no met-met had precipitated here. The same effect is apparent in example 4. In the 3rd mother liquor the concentration of methionine and potassium fell further due to the low pH of 8.5 and the met-met concentration increased further to 6.2% by weight. Only in the carbonation to pH 8.1 in example 5 did the met-met concentration in the filtrate fall to below the starting concentration of 5.9% by weight with a concentration of 5.3% by weight. In addition the met-met concentration in the precipitate is 5.3% by weight here. The filterability of the cake underwent a marked deterioration: from “very good” to “acceptable”. A comparison of the examples 6, 7 and comparative example 8 again elucidates the effect of the pH. All three examples started from the same starting solution (2nd moli after concentration) and these were carbonated at the same temperature of 30°C. The pH values established were 9.0, 8.5 and 8.2. The solubility and thus the concentration of the value substances potassium and methionine and of the byproduct met-met in the 3rd mother liquor decreases with pH. In comparative example 8 the precipitated met-met proportion in the precipitate of 6.8% by weight was already sufficiently high for the filterability to be poor relative to the very good filterabilities in examples 6 and 7. A comparison of example 5 with example 8 elucidates the effect of the concentration factor on the met-met concentration of the concentrated 2nd mother liquor which is directly dependent on this factor. In example 8 the precipitate already had "poor” filterability at a pH of 8.25. The reason for this is that the met-met concentration of the starting solution was higher (here 7.5% by weight relative to 5.9% by weight for example 5). The solubility limit of met-met was thus already exceeded at higher pH values and there was accordingly already an appreciable met-met proportion in the precipitate at higher pH values which correspondingly reduced the filterability. The higher the met-met concentration in the starting solution, the higher the pH above which the met- met proportion in the precipitate appreciably increases. The lower the met-met concentration in the starting solution, the lower the pH that results in an appreciable met-met proportion in the precipitate. Below a met-met concentration of the starting solution of 4.5% by weight, the solution (at customary pressure and temperature) can be carbonated to CO2 saturation (i.e. the lowest achievable pH at the respective pressure) without an appreciable met-met proportion in the precipitate being expected. Since the previously produced mother liquors of the 1st and 2nd carbonation generally still have a content of less than 4.5% by weight of met-met the problem of poor filterability after the carbonation does not occur here. The 2nd mother liquor is enriched in met-met relative to titratable potassium and methionine since these two substances have been removed from the solution by the carbonation and subsequent filtration. In order that in the 3rd carbonation too potassium hydrogencarbonate and/or potassium carbonate and methionine undergo precipitation in the precipitate the 2nd mother liquor must first be concentrated. The concentrated starting solution for the 3rd carbonation (concentrated 2nd mother liquor) therefore achieves higher met-met concentrations relative to the preceding concentrations and so the inventive solution for improving the filterability of the precipitate is brought to bear here in particular. A comparison of examples 4, 10 and 11 elucidates the effect of temperature. In all three examples the pH is about 8.5. The solubility and thus the concentration of the value substances potassium and methionine in the 3rd mother liquor decreases with temperature. A comparison of examples 4 and 11 demonstrates the effect of temperature particularly well. In both examples the starting solutions are similarly concentrated and the pH values established in the carbonation are practically identical while the temperature in example 4 is 30°C and in example 11 is 50°C. However, in example 4 the met-met concentration in the precipitate of 1% by weight is at a similarly low level to that in example 11 of 1.3% by weight. The amount of met-met undergoing precipitation in the precipitate increases with decreasing temperature. Here too, the concentration of the value substances methionine and potassium decrease with temperature. However, it is apparent from the measured results in table 1 that at a carbonation at pH 9.0 according to example 6 only small amounts of 2.6% by weight met-met were found in the precipitate. The met-met concentration in the 3rd mother liquor is higher than in the concentrated 2nd mother liquor and the met-met concentration in the precipitate is low at 2.6% by weight. This 2.6% by weight may also have been caused by adhering mother liquor. In the case of carbonation up to pH 8.2 the met-met concentration in the 3rd mother liquor is lower than in the concentrated 2nd mother liquor and in addition the met-met concentration in the precipitate is 6.4% by weight. This indicates that met-met is present in the precipitate. The cake resistance was measured both for the carbonation at pH 8.7 (1.2*10 6 m/kg, see example 1) and for the carbonation at pH 8.2 (about 2.3*10 9 m/kg, see example 2 (comparison)). The cake resistance of the precipitate obtained at pH 8.2 is about 2000 times higher than the resistance of the cake at pH 8.7. Accordingly the filterability of the precipitate at pH 8.7 is very good and thus markedly better than the only acceptable filterability at pH 8.2. It can be concluded from the examples that the solubilities of the components methionine, potassium (mainly in the form of potassium hydrogen carbonate) and met-met decrease with temperature and pH. The concentration factor in particular ensures a large difference between the concentrations in the concentrated 2nd mother liquor and the 3rd mother liquor and thus ensures a greater mass of the precipitate (= value substance) and a small mass of the 3rd Mother liquor (= byproduct stream).
Description of the figure: The figure shows a scheme for the methionine process according to the invention. The scheme comprises the following steps, wherein the reference numerals are as defined in table 2 below. Table 2: List of reference numerals for Figure 1
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